Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
University of Utah Health Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Br J Sports Med. 2022 Nov;56(22):1277-1283. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-105315. Epub 2022 Sep 27.
Both aerobic moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE) are recommended, but the mortality benefits of weightlifting, a specific type of MSE, are limited.
In the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial, we used Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the associations between weightlifting and mortality, adjusting for demographics, lifestyle and behavioural risk factors. The sample included 99 713 adults who completed the follow-up questionnaire that assessed weightlifting who were subsequently followed up through 2016 to determine mortality (median 9, IQR 7.6-10.6 years).
Mean age at the follow-up questionnaire was 71.3 (IQR 66-76) years, 52.6% female, with mean body mass index of 27.8 (SD 4.9) kg/m. Weightlifting was associated with a 9% lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR=0.91 (95% CI 0.88 to 0.94)) and CVD mortality (0.91 (95% CI 0.86 to 0.97)) after adjusting for MVPA. Joint models revealed that adults who met aerobic MVPA recommendations but did not weightlift had a 32% lower all-cause mortality risk (HR=0.68 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.70)), while those who also reported weightlifting 1-2 times/week had a 41% lower risk (HR=0.59 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.64)), both compared with adults reporting no aerobic MVPA or weightlifting. Without adjustment for MVPA, weightlifting was associated with lower cancer mortality (HR=0.85 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.91)).
Weightlifting and MVPA were associated with a lower risk of all-cause and CVD mortality, but not cancer mortality. Adults who met recommended amounts of both types of exercise appeared to gain additional benefit.
有氧运动中的中等到剧烈强度活动（MVPA）和肌肉强化运动（MSE）都被推荐，但举重作为一种特定类型的 MSE，其对死亡率的益处是有限的。
在前列腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌筛查试验中，我们使用 Cox 比例风险回归计算了举重与死亡率之间的关联的风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI），并对人口统计学、生活方式和行为风险因素进行了调整。该样本包括 99713 名完成了随访问卷评估的成年人，这些问卷评估了他们的举重情况，随后通过 2016 年确定了死亡率（中位数 9 年，IQR7.6-10.6 年）。
随访问卷时的平均年龄为 71.3（IQR66-76）岁，52.6%为女性，平均体重指数为 27.8（SD4.9）kg/m。在调整了 MVPA 后，举重与全因死亡率降低 9%相关（HR=0.91（95%CI0.88 至 0.94））和心血管疾病死亡率降低 9%相关（0.91（95%CI0.86 至 0.97））。联合模型显示，那些达到有氧运动 MVPA 建议但不举重的成年人全因死亡率降低 32%（HR=0.68（95%CI0.65 至 0.70）），而那些还报告每周举重 1-2 次的成年人全因死亡率降低 41%（HR=0.59（95%CI0.54 至 0.64）），与那些没有有氧运动 MVPA 或举重的成年人相比。未经 MVPA 调整，举重与癌症死亡率降低相关（HR=0.85（95%CI0.80 至 0.91））。
举重和 MVPA 与全因和心血管疾病死亡率降低相关，但与癌症死亡率无关。那些达到这两种运动类型建议量的成年人似乎获得了额外的益处。
