Department of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Bankowa 9, PL 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
Ecotoxicology. 2022 Nov;31(9):1346-1355. doi: 10.1007/s10646-022-02588-6. Epub 2022 Sep 29.
Different factors, such as starvation and metal exposure, may affect development and cause oxidative stress in insects. Some host plants may contain a high concentration of cadmium due to their hyperaccumulating property. The negative effects of metals and hunger may be manifested by low availability of energetic substrates. This study aimed to assess whether the insect population with a history of long metal exposure may better manage metal stress or/and starvation at different developmental stages, with the use of energetic substrates. Two strains of Spodoptera exigua model organism were tested: control strain and cadmium strain (treated continuously for over 200 generations with subtoxic amounts of cadmium). The effects of different factors, individually and in combination, on the tested strains were assessed, first by determining the body weight of larvae and pupae and then by estimating the concentration of biomolecules (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, or glycogen) in the 4th and 5th larval stages and in pupae, and the total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation level in the 4th larval stage. Compared to control strain, cadmium strain individuals exhibited changes in the concentration of soluble carbohydrates and protein. This was partly related to earlier 1-day starvation. In particular, changes in carbohydrate concentration seemed to be a sensitive biomarker of metal stress, independent of the age of individuals and period of starvation. However, the increase in the total antioxidant capacity and the concentration of lipid peroxidation products in the 4th larval stage under the effect of cadmium was dependent on strain origin.
不同的因素，如饥饿和金属暴露，可能会影响昆虫的发育并导致氧化应激。一些宿主植物由于超积累特性可能含有高浓度的镉。金属和饥饿的负面影响可能表现为能量底物的可用性降低。本研究旨在评估具有长期金属暴露史的昆虫种群是否可以更好地管理金属应激或/和不同发育阶段的饥饿，使用能量底物。使用两种模式生物 Spodoptera exigua 品系进行了测试：对照品系和镉处理品系（连续用亚毒性剂量的镉处理超过 200 代）。单独和组合评估了不同因素对测试品系的影响，首先通过测量幼虫和蛹的体重，然后通过估计第 4 和第 5 幼虫阶段以及蛹中的生物分子（蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂质或糖原）浓度来评估，以及第 4 幼虫阶段的总抗氧化能力和脂质过氧化水平。与对照品系相比，镉处理品系个体的可溶性碳水化合物和蛋白质浓度发生了变化。这部分与 1 天的早期饥饿有关。特别是，碳水化合物浓度的变化似乎是金属应激的一个敏感生物标志物，与个体的年龄和饥饿期无关。然而，在镉的作用下，第 4 幼虫阶段总抗氧化能力和脂质过氧化产物浓度的增加取决于品系的起源。
