Sánchez-Sánchez Francisca Jesús, Sánchez-Sánchez Ana María
Departamento de Economía, Métodos Cuantitativos E Historia Económica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, ES-41013 Sevilla, España.
Int J Environ Res. 2022;16(5):94. doi: 10.1007/s41742-022-00474-x. Epub 2022 Sep 23.
The COVID-19 health crisis has wreaked devastation on the world economy, especially on the tourism sector. The camping sector has been little studied despite its high economic impact and participation rate. Moreover, the observable effects of phenomena such as the COVID-19 pandemic have received little research attention. Consequently, the objective of this paper is therefore to analyse the effects of the pandemic on camping tourism by characterising the factors that determine it. The study is carried out by providing a geographical perspective of the sector by tourist areas, whereby two types of tourist destinations are considered: campsites located in coastal areas, and campsites located in natural areas. This is the main contribution of the work, as the proposed geographical analysis studies smaller territorial units than those usually used in tourism research. For the study, Multivariate Analysis techniques are applied, specifically Factor Analysis and Cluster Analysis. The results show that there is a balance between supply and demand in the sector, with a significant economic impact, especially on employment and the performance of the sector. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to nature tourism gaining greater popularity, and shows an evolution in travellers' preferences for tourist destinations in favour of campsites located in natural areas over those located in coastal destinations. The geographical location of the tourist destination, therefore, plays a key role in the characterisation of Spanish campsites. This has practical implications for both camping companies and institutions, as the fact that some areas are more attractive than others is a decisive factor in deciding on the location of new campsites.
新冠疫情引发的健康危机给世界经济带来了巨大破坏，尤其是对旅游业。尽管露营行业具有较高的经济影响力和参与率，但对其研究却很少。此外，像新冠疫情这样的现象所产生的明显影响也很少受到研究关注。因此，本文的目的是通过确定决定露营旅游的因素来分析疫情对露营旅游的影响。该研究通过按旅游区域提供该行业的地理视角来进行，其中考虑了两种类型的旅游目的地：位于沿海地区的露营地和位于自然区域的露营地。这是这项工作的主要贡献，因为所提出的地理分析研究的地域单位比旅游研究中通常使用的更小。在这项研究中，应用了多元分析技术，特别是因子分析和聚类分析。结果表明，该行业供需平衡，具有重大经济影响，尤其是对就业和行业表现。新冠疫情的影响导致自然旅游更受欢迎，并显示出旅行者对旅游目的地的偏好发生了变化，倾向于选择位于自然区域的露营地而非沿海地区的露营地。因此，旅游目的地的地理位置在西班牙露营地的特征描述中起着关键作用。这对露营公司和机构都具有实际意义，因为某些地区比其他地区更具吸引力这一事实是决定新露营地选址的决定性因素。
