Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Thier Research Building 505, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Immunopathology Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Arch Toxicol. 2022 Dec;96(12):3363-3371. doi: 10.1007/s00204-022-03388-x. Epub 2022 Oct 4.
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have been used widely as an alternative to conventional cigarettes and have become particularly popular among young adults. A growing body of evidence has shown that e-cigarettes are associated with acute lung injury and adverse effects in multiple other organs. Previous studies showed that high emissions of aldehydes (formaldehyde and acetaldehyde) in aerosols were associated with increased usage of the same e-cigarette coils. However, the impact on lung function of using aged coils has not been reported. We investigated the relationship between coil age and acute lung injury in mice exposed to experimental vaping for 1 h (2 puffs/min, 100 ml/puff). The e-liquid contains propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin (50:50, vol) only. The concentrations of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the vaping aerosols increased with age of the nichrome coils starting at 1200 puffs. Mice exposed to e-cigarette aerosols produced from 1800, but not 0 or 900, puff-aged coils caused acute lung injury, increased lung wet/dry weight ratio, and induced lung inflammation (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, MIP-2). Exposure to vaping aerosols from 1800 puff-aged coils decreased heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation in mice compared to mice exposed to air or aerosols from new coils. In conclusion, we observed that the concentration of aldehydes (formaldehyde and acetaldehyde) increased with repeated and prolonged usage of e-cigarette coils. Exposure to high levels of aldehyde in vaping aerosol was associated with acute lung injury in mice. These findings show significant risk of lung injury associated with prolonged use of e-cigarette devices.
电子烟（e-cigarettes）已被广泛用作传统香烟的替代品，尤其在年轻人中非常流行。越来越多的证据表明，电子烟与急性肺损伤和其他多个器官的不良影响有关。先前的研究表明，气溶胶中醛（甲醛和乙醛）的排放量高与同一电子烟线圈的使用量增加有关。然而，使用老化线圈对肺功能的影响尚未报道。我们研究了在暴露于实验性蒸气 1 小时（2 口/分钟，100ml/口）的小鼠中，线圈老化与急性肺损伤之间的关系。电子烟液仅含有丙二醇和植物甘油（50:50，体积比）。从 1200 口开始，随着镍铬合金线圈老化，蒸气气溶胶中的甲醛和乙醛浓度增加。暴露于电子烟气溶胶产生于 1800 口，但不是 0 口或 900 口老化线圈的小鼠会引起急性肺损伤，增加肺湿/干重比，并诱导肺部炎症（IL-6、TNF-α、IL-1β、MIP-2）。与暴露于空气或新线圈产生的气溶胶相比，暴露于 1800 口老化线圈产生的蒸气气溶胶会导致小鼠心率、呼吸率和血氧饱和度下降。总之，我们观察到醛（甲醛和乙醛）的浓度随着电子烟线圈的反复和长时间使用而增加。吸入高浓度的蒸气醛与小鼠的急性肺损伤有关。这些发现表明与长时间使用电子烟装置相关的肺部损伤风险显著增加。
