Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Med Arch. 2022 Jun;76(3):202-208. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2022.76.202-208.
Menopause is a stage in life when a woman stops having menstruation and the ovaries produce less estrogen. Hot flashes (HFs) are the classical symptoms for menopausal transition and cessation of menses. Increased anxiety had been reported as a significant risk factor of HFs. Vitamin D deficiency and low daily dietary calcium intake may be associated with the occurrence of hot flashes (HFs) in adolescents and young females that are not related to hormonal changes of menopausal transition.
The aim of this study is to validate this hypothesis.
A case-control study was conducted. Thirty-eight females (38) with HFs aged 18-40 years, and 38 age-matched healthy controls with no HFs were involved. Participants answered questions about HFs symptoms. Psychological symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Serum vitamin D, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Estradiol, and Prolactin were measured.
Vitamin D deficiency, psychological symptoms, and Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) were more prevalent in cases versus controls. About 73.68% of females had HFs on a daily basis, 73.7% of them reported that their HFs associated with excessive sweating. Spearman correlation revealed that number of daily HFs were correlated positively and significantly with anxiety scores (r= -0.278, p=0.045), and average MSP pain (r=-0.536, p=<0.001). Binary logistic regression showed that, Anxiety score and vitamin D status, (OR=1.33(1.104-1.7), p=0.02, and OR=0.89(0.79-0.99, p=0.03) respectively were the predictors for HFs.
This study showed that adolescents and young females may experience HFs that are not related to hormonal changes of menopausal transition. The predictors for HFs were vitamin D deficiency and anxiety.
更年期是女性停止月经和卵巢产生较少雌激素的生命阶段。热潮（HFs）是绝经过渡和绝经的典型症状。有报道称，焦虑增加是 HFs 的一个重要危险因素。维生素 D 缺乏和低日常膳食钙摄入可能与青少年和年轻女性的热潮（HFs）有关，而与绝经过渡的激素变化无关。
本研究旨在验证这一假设。
进行了一项病例对照研究。38 名年龄在 18-40 岁之间有 HFs 的女性（38 名）和 38 名年龄匹配且无 HFs 的健康对照组参与。参与者回答了有关 HFs 症状的问题。使用医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HADS）评估心理症状。测量血清维生素 D、卵泡刺激素、雌二醇和催乳素。
维生素 D 缺乏、心理症状和肌肉骨骼疼痛（MSP）在病例组中比对照组更为常见。大约 73.68%的女性每天都有 HFs，73.7%的女性报告说她们的 HFs 伴有过度出汗。Spearman 相关分析显示，每日 HFs 次数与焦虑评分呈正相关且具有统计学意义（r=-0.278，p=0.045），与平均 MSP 疼痛呈负相关（r=-0.536，p<0.001）。二元逻辑回归显示，焦虑评分和维生素 D 状态（OR=1.33（1.104-1.7），p=0.02，OR=0.89（0.79-0.99，p=0.03））分别是 HFs 的预测因子。
本研究表明，青少年和年轻女性可能会经历与绝经过渡的激素变化无关的 HFs。HFs 的预测因子是维生素 D 缺乏和焦虑。
