Lisa R. Roberts is a professor and director of nursing research in the School of Nursing at Loma Linda University (LLU) in Loma Linda, CA. Alex Dubov is an associate professor, Brian Distelberg and Bridgette Peteet are professors, and Susanne Montgomery is the associate dean of research in the School of Behavioral Health at LLU. Jacinda C. Abdul-Mutakabbir is an assistant professor in LLU's School of Pharmacy. Pranjal Patel is an instructor and Ara A. Chrissian is an associate professor in LLU's School of Medicine. Contact author: Lisa R. Roberts,
Am J Nurs. 2022 Nov 1;122(11):22-31. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000892492.43587.5f.
The purpose of this study was to elucidate characteristics of vaccine-hesitant nurses at two large Southern California medical centers where rates of COVID-19 vaccination were lower than expected.
This study is a secondary analysis of nurse participants in a cross-sectional study conducted at the two medical centers. Participants completed an online survey regarding their demographics; work setting and role characteristics; influenza vaccination history; COVID-19 knowledge and beliefs; and personal history of COVID-19 exposure, diagnosis, and disease impact (infection or death) on those closest to them.
Of 869 nurse participants, most (78.6%) were vaccinated and 21.4% were unvaccinated; more than half of the unvaccinated participants reported being unwilling to be vaccinated ("vaccine hesitant"). The χ 2 comparisons revealed no significant differences between vaccinated and vaccine-hesitant nurses in terms of education, contact with COVID-19 patients, work environment, or having friends and family impacted by COVID-19. Binary logistic regression showed that nurses who had no history of recent influenza vaccination were 10 times more likely to be vaccine hesitant, those who had inaccurate knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines were seven times more likely to be vaccine hesitant, and younger nurses and those with a prior COVID-19 diagnosis were approximately three times more likely to be vaccine hesitant. Furthermore, 17.3% of all participants were unwilling to recommend COVID-19 vaccination to others.
The findings offer a nuanced understanding of vaccine hesitancy among nurses and will be useful to the planning and development of policies, campaigns, and interventions aimed at increasing vaccination rates among nurses. Changing attitudes is essential, and particular attention must be paid to nurses who are unwilling to recommend vaccination to others. Effective interventions are needed.
本研究旨在阐明两家南加州大型医疗中心中对疫苗犹豫不决的护士的特征，这两家医疗中心的 COVID-19 疫苗接种率低于预期。
本研究是对在这两家医疗中心进行的横断面研究中的护士参与者的二次分析。参与者完成了一项关于他们的人口统计学、工作环境和角色特征、流感疫苗接种史、COVID-19 知识和信仰以及个人 COVID-19 暴露、诊断和疾病对他们最亲近的人的影响（感染或死亡）的在线调查。
在 869 名护士参与者中，大多数（78.6%）已接种疫苗，21.4%未接种疫苗；超过一半的未接种疫苗的参与者表示不愿意接种疫苗（“疫苗犹豫”）。χ 2 比较显示，在教育、与 COVID-19 患者接触、工作环境或有朋友和家人受到 COVID-19 影响方面，接种疫苗的护士和对疫苗犹豫不决的护士之间没有显著差异。二元逻辑回归显示，最近没有流感疫苗接种史的护士对疫苗犹豫不决的可能性是接种疫苗的护士的 10 倍，对 COVID-19 疫苗的知识不准确的护士对疫苗犹豫不决的可能性是接种疫苗的护士的 7 倍，年轻护士和有 COVID-19 既往诊断的护士对疫苗犹豫不决的可能性约为接种疫苗的护士的 3 倍。此外，所有参与者中有 17.3%的人不愿意向他人推荐 COVID-19 疫苗接种。
这些发现为护士对疫苗犹豫不决的态度提供了更细致的理解，这对规划和制定旨在提高护士疫苗接种率的政策、运动和干预措施将是有用的。改变态度至关重要，必须特别关注那些不愿意向他人推荐疫苗接种的护士。需要采取有效的干预措施。
