Department of Magnetic Devices and Materials, National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 700050, Iasi, Romania.
Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, County Emergency Hospital Saint Spiridon Iasi, 700111, Iasi, Romania.
Sci Rep. 2022 Oct 6;12(1):16698. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-21145-z.
Magnetic nanomaterials are increasingly impacting the field of biology and medicine. Their versatility in terms of shape, structure, composition, coating, and magnetic responsivity make them attractive for drug delivery, cell targeting and imaging. Adipose derived-mesenchymal cells (ASCs) are intensely scrutinized for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, differentiation into musculoskeletal lineages can be challenging. In this paper, we show that uncoated nickel nanowires (Ni NW) partially released from their alumina membrane offer a mechanically-responsive substrate with regular topography that can be used for the delivery of magneto-mechanical stimulation. We have used a tailored protocol for improving ASCs adherence to the substrate, and showed that cells retain their characteristic fibroblastic appearance, cytoskeletal fiber distribution and good viability. We report here for the first time significant increase in osteogenic but not adipogenic differentiation of ASCs on Ni NW exposed to 4 mT magnetic field compared to non-exposed. Moreover, magnetic actuation is shown to induce ASCs osteogenesis but not adipogenesis in the absence of external biochemical cues. While these findings need to be verified in vivo, the use of Ni NW substrate for inducing osteogenesis in the absence of specific differentiation factors is attractive for bone engineering. Implant coating with similar surfaces for orthopedic and dentistry could be as well envisaged as a modality to improve osteointegration.
磁性纳米材料在生物和医学领域的应用日益广泛。它们在形状、结构、组成、涂层和磁响应方面的多功能性，使它们成为药物输送、细胞靶向和成像的理想选择。脂肪来源间充质细胞（ASCs）在组织工程和再生医学领域受到了广泛关注。然而，向肌肉骨骼谱系的分化具有一定挑战性。本文展示了从氧化铝膜中部分释放的未涂层镍纳米线（Ni NW）作为一种具有规则形貌的机械响应性基底，可用于传递磁机械刺激。我们使用了一种定制的方案来提高细胞对基底的黏附能力，并证实细胞保持了其特有的成纤维细胞形态、细胞骨架纤维分布和良好的活力。我们首次报道了在 4 mT 磁场下，与未暴露组相比，Ni NW 上的 ASCs 成骨分化显著增加，但脂肪分化没有增加。此外，在没有外部生化信号的情况下，磁刺激可诱导 ASCs 成骨分化，但不能诱导其成脂分化。虽然这些发现需要在体内进行验证，但 Ni NW 基底在没有特定分化因子的情况下诱导成骨的用途对于骨工程学具有吸引力。对于骨科和牙科，使用类似表面的植入物涂层也可以作为一种提高骨整合的方式。
