短链脂肪酸对大鼠肠道上皮细胞增殖的刺激作用：对可发酵纤维、肠道微生物和腔内营养因子营养作用的一种可能解释。

Stimulatory effect of short-chain fatty acids on epithelial cell proliferation in the rat intestine: a possible explanation for trophic effects of fermentable fibre, gut microbes and luminal trophic factors.

Sakata T

Br J Nutr. 1987 Jul;58(1):95-103. doi: 10.1079/bjn19870073.

Abstract

Effects of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) on epithelial proliferation of the intestine were studied in ileally fistulated rats fed on an elemental diet. 2. The stimulatory effect of daily doses of acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids (100, 20 and 60 mM respectively; pH 6.1) per fistula (3 ml, twice daily) on crypt cell production rate (CCPR) appeared within 2 d and lasted for at least 5 d. 3. The daily doses of SCFA for 14 d increased daily CCPR three to four fold. This effect was independent of the presence of gut bacteria. 4. Effects of SCFA were dose-dependent and varied among acids (butyrate greater than propionate greater than acetate). The effect was independent of low lumen pH. 5. In contrast, SCFA inhibited epithelial proliferation of isolated rat caecal tissue in vitro. 6. These results suggest that SCFA are physiological lumen trophic factors mediated by a systemic mechanism in vivo. 7. It is concluded that SCFA are involved in the trophic effects of gut microbes, ingestion of fermentable fibre, and lumen contents.

摘要

在以要素饮食喂养的回肠造瘘大鼠中，研究了短链脂肪酸（SCFA）对肠道上皮细胞增殖的影响。2. 每天经瘘管给予乙酸、丙酸和正丁酸（分别为100、20和60 mM；pH 6.1），剂量为每瘘管3 ml，每日两次，对隐窝细胞产生率（CCPR）的刺激作用在2天内出现，并持续至少5天。3. 连续14天给予SCFA可使每日CCPR增加三到四倍。这种作用与肠道细菌的存在无关。4. SCFA的作用具有剂量依赖性，且不同酸之间存在差异（丁酸＞丙酸＞乙酸）。该作用与低肠腔pH无关。5. 相反，SCFA在体外抑制离体大鼠盲肠组织的上皮细胞增殖。6. 这些结果表明，SCFA是体内通过全身机制介导的生理性肠腔营养因子。7. 得出的结论是，SCFA参与了肠道微生物、可发酵纤维摄入和肠腔内容物的营养作用。