Department of Infectious Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria Hospital, Verona, Italy.
Saint Camillus International Medical University, Rome, Italy.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Sep 20;12:1005955. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1005955. eCollection 2022.
Starting from mid-May 2022, cases of human monkeypox started to rise in several non-endemic countries. By mid-July, more than 17000 confirmed/suspect cases have been reported by at least 82 countries worldwide, with a regular incremental trend. In order to contain the disease diffusion, risk evaluation is crucial to undertake informed decisions and effective communication campaigns. However, since orthopoxvirus infections so far have attracted low attention, due to the eradication of smallpox 40 years ago, and to the confinement of human monkeypox almost exclusively to endemic areas, several unresolved issues concerning natural history, ecology and pathogenesis remain. To this respect, we identified some open questions and reviewed the relevant literature on monkeypoxvirus and/or related orthopoxviruses. The results will be discussed in the perspective of their relevance to public health decisions, particularly those related to non-pharmacological interventions.
自 2022 年 5 月中旬以来，多个非流行国家开始出现猴痘病例。截至 7 月中旬，全球至少 82 个国家报告了 17000 多例确诊/疑似病例，且呈常规递增趋势。为了控制疾病传播，风险评估对于做出明智决策和开展有效的宣传活动至关重要。然而，由于 40 年前天花已被根除，且人感染猴痘病毒一直局限于流行地区，因此目前人们对正痘病毒感染的关注度较低，仍存在一些关于其自然史、生态学和发病机制的悬而未决的问题。在这方面，我们确定了一些悬而未决的问题，并回顾了关于猴痘病毒和/或相关正痘病毒的相关文献。结果将从对公共卫生决策的相关性，特别是与非药物干预相关的决策的角度进行讨论。
