Malik Hani, Annabi Carrie Amani
Department of Family Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Medical University of Bahrain, Manama, Bahrain.
Graduate School of Healthcare Management, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Front Psychol. 2022 Sep 20;13:956651. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.956651. eCollection 2022.
Physician burnout is a growing phenomenon in current health systems worldwide. With the emergence of COVID-19, burnout in healthcare is progressively becoming a serious concern. Increasing emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment threaten the effective delivery of healthcare. Compassion fatigue and moral injury are a considerable risk to the doctor-patient relationship. These issues can potentially be mitigated by mindfulness practice, which has shown promising results in reducing burnout, restoring compassion, and preventing moral injury in physicians.
A scoping review was conducted to investigate the effects of mindfulness practice on physician burnout. High-ranking journals were targeted to analyze high-quality studies and synthesize common themes in the literature. Studies conducted on current practicing physicians were included. Mindfulness practice of varying forms was the main intervention studied. Gray literature and studies conducted only on allied health personnel were excluded from this review.
31 studies were included in this scoping review. Mindfulness practice decreased emotional exhaustion and depersonalization while improving mood, responses to stress, and vigor. Self-awareness, compassion, and empathy were also increased in study participants. From this review, four themes emerged: innovations in mindfulness practice, mindfulness and positive psychology, the impact of mindfulness on work and patient care, and barriers and facilitators to physician mindfulness practice.
Mindfulness was widely reported to benefit mental health and well-being, but the studies reviewed seemed to adopt a mono focus and omitted key considerations to healthcare leadership, systems-level culture, and practices. Mindfulness practice is a quintessential component of positive psychology and is inherently linked to effective leadership. A mindful and compassionate physician leader will play a crucial role in addressing current practice gaps, prioritizing staff mental health, and providing a supportive platform for innovation.
在当前全球卫生系统中，医生职业倦怠现象日益严重。随着新冠疫情的出现，医疗行业的职业倦怠逐渐成为一个严重问题。情绪衰竭、去人格化以及个人成就感降低，威胁着医疗服务的有效提供。同情疲劳和道德伤害对医患关系构成了相当大的风险。正念练习有可能缓解这些问题，在减少医生职业倦怠、恢复同情心以及预防道德伤害方面已显示出有前景的结果。
进行了一项范围综述，以调查正念练习对医生职业倦怠的影响。目标是高排名期刊，以分析高质量研究并综合文献中的共同主题。纳入了针对在职医生开展的研究。主要研究的干预措施是各种形式的正念练习。本次综述排除了灰色文献以及仅针对医护人员开展的研究。
本范围综述纳入了31项研究。正念练习减少了情绪衰竭和去人格化，同时改善了情绪、对压力的反应以及活力。研究参与者的自我意识、同情心和同理心也有所增强。从本次综述中出现了四个主题：正念练习的创新、正念与积极心理学、正念对工作和患者护理的影响以及医生正念练习的障碍和促进因素。
广泛报道正念有益于心理健康和幸福感，但所审查的研究似乎采用了单一焦点，忽略了对医疗保健领导力、系统层面文化和实践的关键考虑。正念练习是积极心理学的一个重要组成部分，并且与有效领导力有着内在联系。一位正念且富有同情心的医生领导者在解决当前实践差距、优先考虑员工心理健康以及提供创新支持平台方面将发挥关键作用。
