Yang Weiqing, Wei Zhihong, Nie Yan, Tian Yuxi
Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China.
J Phys Chem Lett. 2022 Oct 20;13(41):9618-9631. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02228. Epub 2022 Oct 10.
Since the first optical detection of single molecules in 1989, single-molecule spectroscopy has developed rapidly and been widely applied in many areas. However, the vast majority of matter is extremely inefficient at emitting photons in our physical world, which seriously limits the applications of optical methods based on photoluminescence. In addition to indirect detection by fluorescence labeling, many efforts have been made to directly image nonfluorescent matter at the single-particle or single-molecule level in different ways based on the absorption or scattering interaction between light and matter. Herein, we review five popular methods for imaging nonfluorescent particles/molecules, including dark-field microscopy (DFM), surface plasmon resonance microscopy (SPRM), surface enhanced Raman microscopy (SERM), interferometric scattering microscopy (iSCAT), and photothermal microscopy (PTM). After summarizing the principles and applications of these methods, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of each method and describe further potential development and applications.
自1989年首次通过光学手段检测到单分子以来，单分子光谱学发展迅速，并在许多领域得到广泛应用。然而，在我们的物理世界中，绝大多数物质发射光子的效率极低，这严重限制了基于光致发光的光学方法的应用。除了通过荧光标记进行间接检测外，人们还基于光与物质之间的吸收或散射相互作用，通过多种方式在单粒子或单分子水平上对非荧光物质进行直接成像。在此，我们综述了五种用于对非荧光粒子/分子进行成像的常用方法，包括暗场显微镜（DFM）、表面等离子体共振显微镜（SPRM）、表面增强拉曼显微镜（SERM）、干涉散射显微镜（iSCAT）和光热显微镜（PTM）。在总结这些方法的原理和应用之后，我们比较了每种方法的优缺点，并描述了其进一步的潜在发展和应用。
