Department of Dentistry, Oral Health Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar University, Doha 3050, Qatar.
Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 4;19(19):12684. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912684.
There is inconclusive evidence about the link between the severity and prevalence of periodontitis in obese adults. Therefore, this systematic review aims to explore the possibility of significant evidence on the association between obesity and periodontitis and to determine the necessity to consider obesity as a risk factor for periodontitis. We followed the PRISMA protocol, and studies that met the eligibility criteria were included in this review. The risk of bias in individual studies was also evaluated. This review included 15 observational studies (9 cross-sectional studies, 2 case-control, and 4 cohort studies). The total study subjects from these studies were 6603 (males = 3432; females = 3171). Most studies showed a significant association between obesity and periodontitis. Among these studies, a few showed obese females to be at a higher risk, and one study found no association between obesity and periodontal disease at all. Based on the evidence obtained from this review, the body mass index (BMI) should be routinely assessed in patients to assess the risk for periodontal disease and to offer personalized management of periodontitis. Based on the findings of this review, we recommend the need to initiate awareness among clinicians and implement dental hygiene care prevention measures for obese patients.
关于肥胖成年人牙周炎严重程度和流行率之间的关联，目前尚无定论的证据。因此，本系统评价旨在探讨肥胖与牙周炎之间存在关联的可能性，并确定是否有必要将肥胖视为牙周炎的一个危险因素。我们遵循 PRISMA 方案，将符合纳入标准的研究纳入本综述。还评估了个别研究的偏倚风险。本综述共纳入 15 项观察性研究（9 项横断面研究、2 项病例对照研究和 4 项队列研究）。这些研究的总研究对象为 6603 人（男性=3432 人；女性=3171 人）。大多数研究表明肥胖与牙周炎之间存在显著关联。在这些研究中，有一些研究表明肥胖女性的风险更高，一项研究则发现肥胖与牙周病之间根本没有关联。基于本综述获得的证据，应常规评估患者的体重指数（BMI），以评估牙周病的风险，并为牙周炎提供个性化的管理。基于本综述的结果，我们建议需要提高临床医生的认识，并为肥胖患者实施口腔卫生保健预防措施。
