Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
Chair and Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 30;23(19):11587. doi: 10.3390/ijms231911587.
The search for new materials for bone regenerative purposes is still ongoing. Therefore, we present a series of newly constructed composites based on β tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) bacteria-derived biopolymer (P(3HB)) in the form of 3D scaffolds with different pore sizes. To improve the polymer attachment to the βTCP surface, the etching of ceramic sinters, using citric acid, was applied. As expected, pre-treatment led to the increase in surface roughness and the creation of micropores facilitating polymer adhesion. In this way, the durability and compressive strength of the ceramic-polymer scaffolds were enhanced. It was confirmed that P(3HB) degrades to 3-hydroxybutyric acid, which broadens applications of developed materials in bone tissue engineering as this compound can potentially nourish surrounding tissues and reduce osteoporosis. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, it is one of the first studies where the impact of βTCP/P(3HB) scaffolds on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), cultured in lowered (5%) oxygen concentration, was assessed. It was decided to use a 5% oxygen concentration in the culture to mimic the conditions that would be found in damaged bone in a living organism during regeneration. Scaffolds enabled cell migration and sufficient flow of the culture medium, ensuring high cell viability. Furthermore, in composites with etched βTCP, the MSCs adhesion was facilitated by hydrophilic ceramic protrusions which reduced hydrophobicity. The developed materials are potential candidates for bone tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, to confirm this hypothesis, in vivo studies should be performed.
寻找用于骨再生目的的新材料仍在进行中。因此，我们提出了一系列基于β磷酸三钙（βTCP）和细菌衍生的聚（3-羟基丁酸酯）（P（3HB））的新型复合材料，其形式为具有不同孔径的 3D 支架。为了改善聚合物与βTCP 表面的附着，使用柠檬酸对陶瓷烧结体进行了蚀刻。不出所料，预处理导致表面粗糙度增加，并形成有利于聚合物附着的微孔。通过这种方式，提高了陶瓷-聚合物支架的耐久性和抗压强度。已经证实，P（3HB）降解为 3-羟基丁酸，这拓宽了所开发材料在骨组织工程中的应用，因为这种化合物有可能滋养周围组织并减少骨质疏松症。此外，据我们所知，这是第一项研究之一，评估了βTCP/P（3HB）支架对在低（5%）氧浓度下培养的间充质干细胞（MSCs）的影响。决定在培养物中使用 5%的氧浓度来模拟在活生物体中再生过程中受损骨中会发现的条件。支架允许细胞迁移和培养基的充分流动，确保了高细胞活力。此外，在具有蚀刻βTCP 的复合材料中，亲水陶瓷突起促进了 MSCs 的附着，降低了疏水性。所开发的材料是骨组织再生的潜在候选材料。然而，要证实这一假设，应该进行体内研究。
