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[冬季运动中的膝部损伤]

[Knee injuries in winter sports].

作者信息

Rauch Alexander

机构信息

ECOM - Praxis für Orthopädie, Sportmedizin & Unfallchirurgie, Arabellastraße 17, 81925, München, Deutschland.

Sporttraumatologie und Kniechirurgie, ATOS-Klinik München, Effnerstraße 38, 81925, München, Deutschland.

出版信息

Orthopadie (Heidelb). 2022 Nov;51(11):870-881. doi: 10.1007/s00132-022-04317-7. Epub 2022 Oct 14.

DOI:10.1007/s00132-022-04317-7
PMID:36239771
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9663366/
Abstract

Winter sports represent a relevant entity for knee injuries due to their great popularity. In alpine skiing and snowboarding, knee joint injuries are the most common affected body regions, while in ice hockey they are in third place. Various accident mechanisms lead to different injury types and severities. In addition to medial collateral ligament injuries, anterior cruciate ligament injuries are of particular importance. In professional sports, severe combination injuries are more common. Therapy is exemplified using the anterior cruciate ligament rupture. The gold standard is replacement ligament surgery. The return-to-sport rate of 80% for skiing and snowboarding is comparable to summer sports such as football, basketball or baseball. For ice hockey, it is even better. Prevention is possible by targeted training programs, but also by optimizing the equipment and its adjustment.

摘要

由于冬季运动广受欢迎，它已成为导致膝盖受伤的一个重要因素。在高山滑雪和单板滑雪运动中，膝关节损伤是最常受影响的身体部位，而在冰球运动中，膝关节损伤位列第三。各种意外机制会导致不同类型和严重程度的损伤。除了内侧副韧带损伤外，前交叉韧带损伤尤为重要。在职业运动中，严重的复合型损伤更为常见。以前交叉韧带断裂为例进行治疗。金标准是韧带置换手术。滑雪和单板滑雪80%的重返运动率与足球、篮球或棒球等夏季运动相当。对于冰球运动来说，这一比例甚至更高。通过有针对性的训练计划，以及优化装备及其调整，可以实现预防。

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本文引用的文献

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[Winter sports nation Germany-injuries in alpine ski racing and mass sports : Statistics and injury mechanisms in winter sports and current trends in sports science].[冬季运动强国德国——高山滑雪比赛和大众体育中的损伤：冬季运动的统计数据与损伤机制以及体育科学的当前趋势]
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