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减毒活麻疹病毒作为重组疫苗平台技术的多功能性。

Versatility of live-attenuated measles viruses as platform technology for recombinant vaccines.

作者信息

Ebenig Aileen, Lange Mona V, Mühlebach Michael D

机构信息

Division of Veterinary Medicine, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, D-63225, Langen, Germany.

出版信息

NPJ Vaccines. 2022 Oct 15;7(1):119. doi: 10.1038/s41541-022-00543-4.

DOI:10.1038/s41541-022-00543-4
PMID:36243743
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9568972/
Abstract

Live-attenuated measles virus (MeV) has been extraordinarily effective in preventing measles infections and their often deadly sequelae, accompanied by remarkable safety and stability since their first licensing in 1963. The advent of recombinant DNA technologies, combined with systems to generate infectious negative-strand RNA viruses on the basis of viral genomes encoded on plasmid DNA in the 1990s, paved the way to generate recombinant, vaccine strain-derived MeVs. These live-attenuated vaccine constructs can encode and express additional foreign antigens during transient virus replication following immunization. Effective humoral and cellular immune responses are induced not only against the MeV vector, but also against the foreign antigen cargo in immunized individuals, which can protect against the associated pathogen. This review aims to present an overview of the versatility of this vaccine vector as platform technology to target various diseases, as well as current research and developmental stages, with one vaccine candidate ready to enter phase III clinical trials to gain marketing authorization, MV-CHIK.

摘要

减毒活麻疹病毒（MeV）自1963年首次获批以来，在预防麻疹感染及其通常致命的后遗症方面极为有效，且具有显著的安全性和稳定性。20世纪90年代，重组DNA技术的出现，与基于质粒DNA编码的病毒基因组产生感染性负链RNA病毒的系统相结合，为产生重组的、源自疫苗株的MeV铺平了道路。这些减毒活疫苗构建体在免疫后的短暂病毒复制过程中可以编码并表达额外的外源抗原。在免疫个体中，不仅能诱导针对MeV载体的有效体液免疫和细胞免疫反应，还能诱导针对外源抗原负荷的免疫反应，从而预防相关病原体。本综述旨在概述这种疫苗载体作为靶向各种疾病的平台技术的多功能性，以及当前的研究和开发阶段，其中一种候选疫苗MV-CHIK已准备进入III期临床试验以获得上市许可。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4569/9569413/6a358d9b0cd2/41541_2022_543_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4569/9569413/b79ce856a750/41541_2022_543_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4569/9569413/ec0322553046/41541_2022_543_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4569/9569413/6a358d9b0cd2/41541_2022_543_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4569/9569413/b79ce856a750/41541_2022_543_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4569/9569413/ec0322553046/41541_2022_543_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4569/9569413/6a358d9b0cd2/41541_2022_543_Fig3_HTML.jpg

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