Rehman Abdul, Farooq Muhammad, Lee Dong-Jin, Siddique Kadambot H M
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Muscat, Oman.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Dec;29(56):84076-84095. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-23635-z. Epub 2022 Oct 18.
The notion of food security is a global phenomenon that impinges on every human. Efforts to increase productivity and yields have historically degraded the environment and reduced biodiversity and ecosystem services, with the significant impact on the poor. Sustainable agriculture-farming in sustainable ways based on an understanding of ecosystem services-is a practical option for achieving global food security while minimizing further environmental degradation. Sustainable agricultural systems offer ecosystem services, such as pollination, biological pest control, regulation of soil and water quality, maintenance of soil structure and fertility, carbon sequestration and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, nutrient cycling, hydrological services, and biodiversity conservation. In this review, we discuss the potential of sustainable agriculture for achieving global food security alongside healthy ecosystems that provide other valuable services to humankind. Too often, agricultural production systems are considered separate from other natural ecosystems, and insufficient attention has been paid to how services can flow to and from agricultural production systems to surrounding ecosystems. This review also details the trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services, highlights current knowledge gaps, and proposes areas for future research.
粮食安全的概念是一个影响每个人的全球现象。历史上，提高生产力和产量的努力导致了环境退化、生物多样性减少以及生态系统服务功能下降，对贫困人口产生了重大影响。可持续农业——基于对生态系统服务的理解，以可持续的方式进行耕作——是实现全球粮食安全同时尽量减少进一步环境退化的切实可行选择。可持续农业系统提供生态系统服务，如授粉、生物虫害控制、土壤和水质调节、土壤结构和肥力维持、碳固存和温室气体排放缓解、养分循环、水文服务以及生物多样性保护。在本综述中，我们讨论了可持续农业在实现全球粮食安全以及拥有为人类提供其他宝贵服务的健康生态系统方面的潜力。农业生产系统常常被视为与其他自然生态系统相分离，而对于服务如何在农业生产系统与周边生态系统之间流动，人们关注不足。本综述还详细阐述了生态系统服务之间的权衡与协同作用，突出了当前的知识空白，并提出了未来研究的领域。
