Yip R, Binkin N J, Fleshood L, Trowbridge F L
JAMA. 1987 Sep 25;258(12):1619-23.
To determine the anemia trends among low-income US children, hematologic measurements obtained from children aged 6 to 60 months who were enrolled in public health programs in six states that were consistently monitored by the Centers for Disease Control Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System were studied. Overall, the prevalence of anemia has declined steadily from 7.8% in 1975 to 2.9% in 1985. The prevalence of anemia declined significantly among children seen at preenrollment screening visits, as well as those seen at follow-up visits, suggesting a generalized improvement in childhood iron nutritional status in the United States, as well as a positive impact of public health programs. To ensure that the declining trend of anemia was not a function of a change in the population of children enrolled in the surveillance system, Tennessee nutrition surveillance records were further analyzed; these records were linked with birth records to obtain detailed socioeconomic status (SES) information. Even though the SES composition remained stable from 1975 to 1984, the prevalence of anemia has declined significantly within each SES group. These findings indicate a true decline in the prevalence of anemia among low-income children that is likely the result of improvements in childhood iron nutrition.
为确定美国低收入儿童的贫血趋势，对6至60个月大儿童的血液学测量数据进行了研究，这些儿童参加了疾病控制中心儿科营养监测系统持续监测的六个州的公共卫生项目。总体而言，贫血患病率从1975年的7.8%稳步下降至1985年的2.9%。在入学前筛查就诊儿童以及随访就诊儿童中，贫血患病率均显著下降，这表明美国儿童铁营养状况普遍改善，同时公共卫生项目也产生了积极影响。为确保贫血患病率下降趋势并非监测系统中登记儿童群体变化的结果，对田纳西州营养监测记录进行了进一步分析；这些记录与出生记录相关联以获取详细的社会经济地位（SES）信息。尽管1975年至1984年期间SES构成保持稳定，但每个SES组内贫血患病率均显著下降。这些发现表明低收入儿童贫血患病率确实下降，这可能是儿童铁营养改善的结果。
