Ojea Ramos Santiago, Feld Mariana, Fustiñana María Sol
Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
Front Mol Neurosci. 2022 Oct 5;15:988790. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.988790. eCollection 2022.
The ability to learn from experience and consequently adapt our behavior is one of the most fundamental capacities enabled by complex and plastic nervous systems. Next to cellular and systems-level changes, learning and memory formation crucially depends on molecular signaling mechanisms. In particular, the extracellular-signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK), historically studied in the context of tumor growth and proliferation, has been shown to affect synaptic transmission, regulation of neuronal gene expression and protein synthesis leading to structural synaptic changes. However, to what extent the effects of ERK are specifically related to memory formation and stabilization, or merely the result of general neuronal activation, remains unknown. Here, we review the signals leading to ERK activation in the nervous system, the subcellular ERK targets associated with learning-related plasticity, and how neurons with activated ERK signaling may contribute to the formation of the memory trace.
从经验中学习并相应地调整我们行为的能力是复杂且具有可塑性的神经系统所具备的最基本能力之一。除了细胞和系统层面的变化外，学习和记忆形成关键取决于分子信号传导机制。特别是细胞外信号调节激酶1/2（ERK），其在肿瘤生长和增殖背景下的研究历史悠久，已被证明会影响突触传递、神经元基因表达调控和蛋白质合成，从而导致突触结构变化。然而，ERK的作用在多大程度上与记忆形成和巩固具体相关，或者仅仅是一般神经元激活的结果，仍然未知。在这里，我们回顾了导致神经系统中ERK激活的信号、与学习相关可塑性相关的亚细胞ERK靶点，以及具有激活ERK信号的神经元如何可能有助于记忆痕迹的形成。
