Nepal Subash, Caicedo Murillo Martha L, Ojha Kamala, Lamichhane Madhab
Cardiovascular Disease, Upstate University Hospital, Syracuse, USA.
Pathology, Upstate University Hospital, Syracuse, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Sep 18;14(9):e29300. doi: 10.7759/cureus.29300. eCollection 2022 Sep.
Acute coronary syndrome is caused by a rupture of atherosclerotic plaque with superimposed thrombus formation. Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) occurs when occlusion of the epicardial coronary artery by a thrombus causes partial thickness myocardial ischemia and an ischemic cascade downstream. Cardiac masses are known to produce symptoms predominantly by local obstruction or systemic embolism. Coronary artery tumor embolism causing acute coronary syndrome is a rare presentation of cardiac mass. We report NSTE-ACS as the initial presentation of the left atrial myxoma in a 62-year-old woman. She presented to the emergency department with acute onset severe anginal chest pain, diaphoresis, and dizziness. Her serial electrocardiograms (ECGs) were normal, and serial troponins were elevated, consistent with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. Cardiac catheterization revealed insignificant coronary artery disease, and transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiograms showed a left atrial mass attached to the interatrial septum consistent with myxoma. The patient underwent surgical excision, and histopathology was consistent with myxoma. Her symptoms subsided after surgery. Primary cardiac tumors are very uncommon and can present with myriad symptoms, from tumor embolism, local cardiac effects, to constitutional symptoms. Although embolism to other organs has been reported, left atrial myxoma presenting as an acute coronary syndrome is very uncommon.
急性冠状动脉综合征是由动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂并伴有血栓形成引起的。当血栓阻塞心外膜冠状动脉导致心肌部分厚度缺血及下游缺血级联反应时,就会发生非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)。已知心脏肿物主要通过局部阻塞或全身栓塞产生症状。冠状动脉肿瘤栓塞导致急性冠状动脉综合征是心脏肿物的一种罕见表现形式。我们报告了一名62岁女性,以NSTE-ACS为首发表现的左心房黏液瘤病例。她因急性发作的严重心绞痛、胸痛、出汗和头晕就诊于急诊科。她的系列心电图(ECG)正常,但系列肌钙蛋白升高,符合非ST段抬高型急性冠状动脉综合征。心脏导管检查显示冠状动脉疾病不严重,经胸和经食管超声心动图显示左心房有一肿物附着于房间隔,符合黏液瘤表现。患者接受了手术切除,组织病理学检查结果与黏液瘤一致。术后她的症状缓解。原发性心脏肿瘤非常罕见,可表现出多种多样的症状,从肿瘤栓塞、局部心脏影响到全身症状。虽然已有报道肿瘤栓塞至其他器官,但以急性冠状动脉综合征形式出现的左心房黏液瘤非常罕见。