Batrakoulis Alexios
Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece.
Diseases. 2022 Sep 29;10(4):71. doi: 10.3390/diseases10040071.
The prevalence of overweightness and obesity has been documented as a major public health issue since it has increased at an alarming rate worldwide. Structured physical exercise programs have been reported as an essential strategy for preventing, managing, and treating obesity, inducing critical improvements in various physiological and psychological markers. However, it is unclear whether Pilates training can elicit positive changes in body composition, physical fitness, cardiometabolic health, and well-being among overweight and obese populations. The purpose of this topical review was to catalog studies investigating the physiological and psychological adaptations to Pilates training in order to identify what outcomes have been assessed, the research methods used, and the results. The inclusion/exclusion criteria were met by 14 published articles involving 582 participants (83% female) who were overweight or obese. The present topical review on Pilates training-induced adaptations shows that this widely used exercise type can significantly improve the majority of the selected indicators. These beneficial changes are frequently focused on anthropometric parameters, body composition, glucose, and lipid metabolism, as well as blood pressure in sedentary overweight or obese women. Specialized equipment-based Pilates interventions and trials investigating various mental health indices were limited. Further research is warranted in this area, emphasizing the Pilates training configuration and potential mechanisms behind positive alterations in several psychophysiological markers through large-scale randomized controlled trials with superior methodological quality, implementing long-term interventions in various populations that are overweight and obese.
超重和肥胖的患病率已被视为一个主要的公共卫生问题，因为它在全球范围内以惊人的速度增长。有报告称，结构化体育锻炼计划是预防、管理和治疗肥胖的一项重要策略，能在各种生理和心理指标上带来显著改善。然而，尚不清楚普拉提训练是否能使超重和肥胖人群的身体成分、体能、心脏代谢健康和幸福感产生积极变化。本专题综述的目的是梳理研究普拉提训练生理和心理适应性的研究，以确定已评估的结果、所采用的研究方法以及研究结果。14篇已发表的文章符合纳入/排除标准，这些文章涉及582名超重或肥胖参与者（83%为女性）。本次关于普拉提训练诱导适应性的专题综述表明，这种广泛使用的运动类型可显著改善大多数选定指标。这些有益变化通常集中在人体测量参数、身体成分、葡萄糖和脂质代谢以及久坐不动的超重或肥胖女性的血压方面。基于专门设备的普拉提干预措施以及对各种心理健康指标的试验有限。这一领域有必要开展进一步研究，通过方法质量更高的大规模随机对照试验，强调普拉提训练的配置以及几种心理生理指标产生积极变化背后的潜在机制，对超重和肥胖的不同人群实施长期干预。
