Join Vietnam - Russia Tropical Science and Technology Research Centre, Institute of Tropical Ecology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology - VAST, Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Department of Experimental Taxonomy and Genetic Diversity, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Braz J Biol. 2022 Oct 21;84:e264369. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.264369. eCollection 2022.
Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv. is a precious medicinal species native to the tropical forests of Vietnam. Due to habitat loss and over-harvesting, this species is endangered in Vietnam. To conserve the species, we investigated genetic variability and population structure using nine microsatellites for 148 individuals from seven populations across the current distribution range of P. vietnamensis in Vietnam. We determined a moderate genetic diversity within populations (HO = 0.367, HE = 0.437) and relatively low population differentiation (the Weir and Cockerham index of 0.172 and the Hedrick index of 0.254) and showed significant differentiation (P < 0.05), which suggested fragmented habitats, over-utilization and over-harvesting of P. vietnamensis. Different clustering methods revealed that individuals were grouped into two major clusters, which were associated with gene flow across the geographical range of P. vietnamensis. This study also detected that ginseng populations can have undergone a recent bottleneck. We recommend measures in future P. vietnamensis conservation and breeding programs.
越南人参（Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv.）是一种原产于越南热带森林的珍贵药用物种。由于生境丧失和过度采挖，该物种在越南已濒临灭绝。为了保护该物种，我们使用 9 个微卫星标记对来自越南 7 个种群的 148 个个体进行了遗传变异和种群结构的研究，这些种群分布在越南目前的越南人参分布范围内。我们在种群内确定了中等水平的遗传多样性（HO = 0.367，HE = 0.437）和相对较低的种群分化（Weir 和 Cockerham 指数为 0.172，Hedrick 指数为 0.254），并显示出显著的分化（P < 0.05），这表明越南人参的栖息地破碎化、过度利用和过度采挖。不同的聚类方法表明，个体分为两个主要聚类，这与越南人参地理范围内的基因流有关。本研究还检测到人参种群可能经历了最近的瓶颈效应。我们建议在未来的越南人参保护和繁殖计划中采取措施。
