Alouani Ali T, Elfouly Tarek
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN 38505, USA.
Biomedicines. 2022 Oct 3;10(10):2472. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10102472.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can produce temporary biochemical imbalance due to leaks through cell membranes or disruption of the axoplasmic flow due to the misalignment of intracellular neurofilaments. If untreated, TBI can lead to Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, or total disability. Mild TBI (mTBI) accounts for about about 90 percent of all TBI cases. The detection of TBI as soon as it happens is crucial for successful treatment management. Neuroimaging-based tests provide only a structural and functional mapping of the brain with poor temporal resolution. Such tests may not detect mTBI. On the other hand, the electroencephalogram (EEG) provides good spatial resolution and excellent temporal resolution of the brain activities beside its portability and low cost. The objective of this paper is to provide clinicians and scientists with a one-stop source of information to quickly learn about the different technologies used for TBI detection, their advantages and limitations. Our research led us to conclude that even though EEG-based TBI detection is potentially a powerful technology, it is currently not able to detect the presence of a mTBI with high confidence. The focus of the paper is to review existing approaches and provide the reason for the unsuccessful state of EEG-based detection of mTBI.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）可因细胞膜渗漏或细胞内神经丝排列紊乱导致轴浆流中断而产生暂时的生化失衡。如果不进行治疗，TBI可导致阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病或完全残疾。轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）约占所有TBI病例的90%。TBI一旦发生就进行检测对于成功的治疗管理至关重要。基于神经影像学的检测仅提供大脑的结构和功能图谱，时间分辨率较差。此类检测可能无法检测出mTBI。另一方面，脑电图（EEG）除了具有便携性和低成本外，还能提供良好的空间分辨率和出色的大脑活动时间分辨率。本文的目的是为临床医生和科学家提供一站式信息来源，以便他们快速了解用于TBI检测的不同技术及其优缺点。我们的研究得出结论，尽管基于EEG的TBI检测可能是一项强大的技术，但目前它无法高度可靠地检测出mTBI的存在。本文的重点是回顾现有方法，并说明基于EEG检测mTBI未成功的原因。
