Li Junhui, Xie Yuhuai, Li Min, Zhang Shaotao, Cheng Qun, Yang Weiren
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61#, Tai'an 271018, China.
Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Oct 21;12(20):2869. doi: 10.3390/ani12202869.
Using female Sprague−Dawley (SD) rats as a model, the current study aimed to investigate whether feeding 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) to female SD rats during gestation and lactation can affect the iron status of weaned rats and provide new ideas for the iron supplementation of piglets. A total of 27 pregnant SD rats were randomly assigned to three treatments in nine replicates, with one rat per litter. Dietary treatments were basal diet (CON), CON + 50 mg/kg 5-ALA (5-ALA50), and CON + 100 mg/kg 5-ALA (5-ALA100). After parturition, ten pups in each litter (a total of 270) were selected for continued feeding by their corresponding mother, and the pregnant rats were fed diets containing 5-ALA (0, 50 and 100 mg/kg diet) until the newborn pups were weaned at 21 days. The results showed that the number of red blood cells (RBCs) in weaned rats in the 5-ALA100 group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that in the CON or 5-ALA50 group. The diet with 5-ALA significantly increased (p < 0.05) the hemoglobin (HGB) concentration, hematocrit (HCT) level, serum iron (SI) content, and transferrin saturation (TSAT) level in the blood of weaned rats, as well as the concentration of Hepcidin in the liver and serum of weaned rats and the expression of Hepcidin mRNA in the liver of weaned rats, with the 5-ALA100 group having the highest (p < 0.05) HGB concentration in the weaned rats, and the 5-ALA50 group having the highest (p < 0.05) Hepcidin concentration in serum and in the expression of Hepcidin mRNA in the liver of weaned rats. The other indicators between the 5-ALA groups had no effects. However, the level of total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the 5-ALA50 group. Moreover, the iron content in the liver of weaned rats fed with 5-ALA showed an upward trend (p = 0.085). In addition, feeding a 5-ALA-supplemented diet could also significantly reduce (p < 0.05) the expression of TfR1 mRNA in the liver of weaning rats (p < 0.05), and the expression of Tfr1 was not affected between 5-ALA groups. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 5-ALA could improve the blood parameters, increase the concentration of Hepcidin in the liver and serum, and affect the expression of iron-related genes in the liver of weaned rats. Moreover, it is appropriate to add 50 mg/kg 5-ALA to the diet under this condition.
本研究以雌性斯普拉格-道利（SD）大鼠为模型，旨在探究妊娠期和哺乳期给雌性SD大鼠饲喂5-氨基乙酰丙酸（5-ALA）是否会影响断奶大鼠的铁状态，并为仔猪补铁提供新思路。将27只怀孕的SD大鼠随机分为3组，每组9个重复，每窝1只大鼠。日粮处理分别为基础日粮（CON）、CON + 50 mg/kg 5-ALA（5-ALA50）和CON + 100 mg/kg 5-ALA（5-ALA100）。分娩后，从每窝中选取10只幼崽（共270只）由其相应的母亲继续喂养，怀孕大鼠饲喂含5-ALA（0、50和100 mg/kg日粮）的日粮，直至新生幼崽在21日龄断奶。结果表明，5-ALA100组断奶大鼠的红细胞（RBC）数量显著高于（p < 0.05）CON组或5-ALA50组。含5-ALA的日粮显著提高（p < 0.05）了断奶大鼠血液中的血红蛋白（HGB）浓度、血细胞比容（HCT）水平、血清铁（SI）含量和转铁蛋白饱和度（TSAT）水平，以及断奶大鼠肝脏和血清中铁调素的浓度和断奶大鼠肝脏中铁调素mRNA的表达，5-ALA100组断奶大鼠的HGB浓度最高（p < 0.05），5-ALA50组血清中铁调素浓度以及断奶大鼠肝脏中铁调素mRNA的表达最高（p < 0.05）。5-ALA组之间的其他指标无影响。然而，5-ALA50组的总铁结合力（TIBC）水平显著降低（p < 0.05）。此外，饲喂含5-ALA日粮的断奶大鼠肝脏中的铁含量呈上升趋势（p = 0.085）。另外，饲喂添加5-ALA的日粮还可显著降低（p < 0.05）断奶大鼠肝脏中TfR1 mRNA的表达（p < 0.05），5-ALA组之间Tfr1的表达不受影响。总之，日粮中添加5-ALA可改善血液参数，提高肝脏和血清中铁调素的浓度，并影响断奶大鼠肝脏中铁相关基因的表达。此外，在此条件下日粮中添加50 mg/kg 5-ALA为宜。
