Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Ackerstraße 76, 13355 Berlin, Germany.
IHP-Leibniz-Institut für Innovative Mikroelektronik, Im Technologiepark 25, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany.
Biosensors (Basel). 2022 Sep 23;12(10):784. doi: 10.3390/bios12100784.
The performance of receptor-based biosensors is often limited by either diffusion of the analyte causing unreasonable long assay times or a lack of specificity limiting the sensitivity due to the noise of nonspecific binding. Alternating current (AC) electrokinetics and its effect on biosensing is an increasing field of research dedicated to address this issue and can improve mass transfer of the analyte by electrothermal effects, electroosmosis, or dielectrophoresis (DEP). Accordingly, several works have shown improved sensitivity and lowered assay times by order of magnitude thanks to the improved mass transfer with these techniques. To realize high sensitivity in real samples with realistic sample matrix avoiding nonspecific binding is critical and the improved mass transfer should ideally be specific to the target analyte. In this paper we cover recent approaches to combine biosensors with DEP, which is the AC kinetic approach with the highest selectivity. We conclude that while associated with many challenges, for several applications the approach could be beneficial, especially if more work is dedicated to minimizing nonspecific bindings, for which DEP offers interesting perspectives.
基于受体的生物传感器的性能通常受到分析物扩散的限制，导致检测时间过长，或者由于非特异性结合的噪声导致缺乏特异性而限制了灵敏度。交流（AC）电动效应及其对生物传感的影响是一个不断发展的研究领域，致力于解决这个问题，并可以通过电热效应、电渗或介电泳（DEP）来改善分析物的传质。因此，由于这些技术改善了传质，许多工作已经显示出灵敏度的提高和检测时间的降低，数量级提高。为了在具有实际样品基质的真实样品中实现高灵敏度，避免非特异性结合至关重要，并且理想情况下，改善的传质应该针对目标分析物。在本文中，我们介绍了将生物传感器与 DEP 相结合的最新方法，DEP 是选择性最高的 AC 动力学方法。我们得出的结论是，尽管存在许多挑战，但对于某些应用，该方法可能是有益的，特别是如果更多的工作致力于最小化非特异性结合，DEP 为此提供了有趣的前景。
