Department of Family Medicine, International Healthcare Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Korea.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 11;19(20):13021. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013021.
This study investigated differences in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors (ULBs) between workers and nonworkers and demonstrated the association of ULBs with occupational characteristics among workers. This cross-sectional study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2019. For sociodemographic data, chi-squared tests were used to analyze categorical variables. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ULBs were estimated using Poisson regression models after adjusting for age, sex, educational level, and household income. The variables used were current smoking status, heavy drinking, and physical inactivity. Workers were associated with an increased risk of current smoking (adjusted OR (aOR) = 1.48, 95%CI = 1.41-1.56), heavy drinking (aOR = 1.79, 95%CI = 1.68-1.90), and physical inactivity (aOR = 1.07, 95%CI = 1.04-1.11) compared with nonworkers. Among workers, the differential risks of ULB according to occupational characteristics were as follows: skilled manual workers, self-employed workers, and workers working >40 h/week were at a higher risk of engaging in all ULBs than those in other occupational categories, paid workers, and workers working ≤40 h/week, respectively. Workers showed a higher risk of ULBs than nonworkers. The risk of ULBs differed according to occupational characteristics, highlighting the need for additional studies and detailed occupational health management.
本研究调查了工人和非工人之间不健康生活方式行为（ULB）的差异，并证明了 ULB 与工人职业特征之间的关联。本横断面研究使用了 2007 年至 2019 年韩国国家健康和营养检查调查的数据。对于社会人口统计学数据，使用卡方检验分析分类变量。使用泊松回归模型调整年龄、性别、教育水平和家庭收入后，估计 ULB 的比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。使用的变量包括当前吸烟状况、大量饮酒和身体活动不足。与非工人相比，工人当前吸烟（调整后的 OR（aOR）=1.48，95%CI=1.41-1.56）、大量饮酒（aOR=1.79，95%CI=1.68-1.90）和身体活动不足（aOR=1.07，95%CI=1.04-1.11）的风险增加。在工人中，根据职业特征，ULB 的差异风险如下：熟练体力劳动者、个体经营者和每周工作>40 小时的工人比其他职业类别的工人、有薪工人和每周工作≤40 小时的工人从事所有 ULB 的风险更高。工人比非工人有更高的 ULB 风险。ULB 的风险因职业特征而异，这突出表明需要进行更多研究和详细的职业健康管理。
