College of Economics, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276827, China.
Research Center for Food Safety and Agriculture Green Development, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276827, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 13;19(20):13147. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192013147.
Residents play an important role as one of the main actors in food safety governance. To build a pattern of food safety risk co-governance, the positive and effective participation of residents is vital. This study first establishes a comprehensive analysis framework combining social capital theory and political efficacy theory. Data from a survey of 714 residents in Shandong Province, China, were analysed through structural equation modelling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to examine the causal relationship between residents' willingness to participate and its driving factors. The results indicated that: (1) reciprocity norm, institutional trust and social engagement have significant positive effects on willingness to participate; (2) political efficacy has a partial mediating effect in the relationship between social capital and willingness to participate; (3) fsQCA findings have four solutions to achieving residents' strong willingness to participate; reciprocity norm, institutional trust and political efficacy are the core elements that affected residents' high willingness to participate, whereas social engagement and sociodemographic variables are the non-core variables. Therefore, we put forward suggestions for improving residents' willingness to participate in food safety governance, including improving the appeal expression and feedback mechanism, cultivating residents' social capital and paying attention to the superposition effect of social capital and political efficacy.
居民在食品安全治理中扮演着重要角色，是主要参与者之一。为构建食品安全风险共治理模式，居民的积极有效参与至关重要。本研究首先结合社会资本理论和政治效能感理论，构建了一个全面的分析框架。通过对中国山东省 714 名居民的调查数据进行结构方程模型和模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA），检验了居民参与意愿及其驱动因素之间的因果关系。结果表明：（1）互惠规范、制度信任和社会参与对参与意愿有显著正向影响；（2）政治效能感在社会资本与参与意愿之间存在部分中介效应；（3）fsQCA 发现有四种解决方案可以实现居民强烈的参与意愿，互惠规范、制度信任和政治效能感是影响居民高参与意愿的核心要素，而社会参与和社会人口变量则是非核心要素。因此，我们提出了提高居民参与食品安全治理意愿的建议，包括完善诉求表达和反馈机制、培育居民社会资本以及关注社会资本和政治效能感的叠加效应。
