Vakil Anand Utpal, Ramezani Maryam, Monroe Mary Beth B
Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Oct 18;15(20):7279. doi: 10.3390/ma15207279.
Repeated use of intravenous infusions to deliver drugs can cause nerve damage, pain, and infection. There is an unmet need for a drug delivery method that administers drugs on demand for prolonged use. Here, we developed magnetically responsive shape memory polymers (SMPs) to enhance control over drug release. Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (mnps) were synthesized and incorporated into previously developed SMPs to enable magnetically induced shape memory effects that can be activated remotely via the application of an alternating magnetic field. These materials were tested for their shape memory properties (dynamic mechanical analysis), cytocompatibility (3T3 fibroblast viability), and tunable drug delivery rates (UV−VIS to evaluate the release of incorporated doxorubicin, 6-mercaptopurine, and/or rhodamine). All polymer composites had >75% cytocompatibility over 72 h. Altering the polymer chemistry and mnp content provided methods to tune drug release. Namely, linear polymers with higher mnp content had faster drug release. Highly cross-linked polymer networks with lower mnp content slowed drug release. Shape memory properties and polymer/drug interactions provided additional variables to tune drug delivery rates. Polymers that were fixed in a strained secondary shape had a slower release rate compared with unstrained polymers, and hydrophobic drugs were released more slowly than hydrophilic drugs. Using these design principles, a single material with gradient chemistry and dual drug loading was synthesized, which provided a unique mechanism to deliver two drugs from a single scaffold with distinct delivery profiles. This system could be employed in future work to provide controlled release of selected drug combinations with enhanced control over release as compared with previous approaches.
反复使用静脉输液给药会导致神经损伤、疼痛和感染。对于一种能够按需给药以实现长期使用的给药方法，目前仍存在未满足的需求。在此，我们开发了磁响应形状记忆聚合物（SMPs）以增强对药物释放的控制。合成了氧化铁磁性纳米颗粒（MNPs）并将其掺入先前开发的SMPs中，以实现磁诱导形状记忆效应，该效应可通过施加交变磁场远程激活。对这些材料进行了形状记忆性能测试（动态力学分析）、细胞相容性测试（3T3成纤维细胞活力）以及可调药物释放速率测试（紫外可见光谱法以评估掺入的阿霉素、6-巯基嘌呤和/或罗丹明的释放）。所有聚合物复合材料在72小时内的细胞相容性均大于75%。改变聚合物化学组成和MNP含量提供了调节药物释放的方法。具体而言，MNP含量较高的线性聚合物药物释放速度更快。MNP含量较低的高度交联聚合物网络减缓了药物释放。形状记忆性能和聚合物/药物相互作用提供了额外的变量来调节药物释放速率。与未受应变的聚合物相比，固定在应变二级形状中的聚合物释放速率较慢，疏水性药物的释放比亲水性药物更慢。利用这些设计原则，合成了一种具有梯度化学组成和双重药物负载的单一材料，该材料提供了一种独特的机制，可从单个支架中以不同的释放曲线递送两种药物。与先前的方法相比，该系统可用于未来的工作中，以实现选定药物组合的控释，并增强对释放的控制。
