Sazonova Olesya I, Gavrichkova Olga, Ivanova Anastasia A, Petrikov Kirill V, Streletskii Rostislav A, Sarzhanov Dmitriy A, Korneykova Maria V, Novikov Andrey I, Vasenev Viacheslav I, Ivashchenko Kristina V, Slukovskaya Marina V, Vetrova Anna A
Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 142290 Pushchino, Russia.
Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, 05010 Porano, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2022 Oct 6;10(10):1979. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms10101979.
We performed a comparative study of the total bacterial communities and communities of cultivable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)-degrading bacteria in different functional zones of Moscow and Murmansk that were formed under the influence of the PAH composition in road and leaf dust. The PAHs were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); the bacterial communities' diversity was assessed by metabarcoding. The degraders were isolated by their direct plating on a medium with the PAHs. The PAH total quantity declined in the leaf dust from the traffic to the recreational zone. For the road dust, a negative gradient with pollution was observed for and degraders and for their relative abundance in the microbiome for the functional zones of Moscow. The opposite effect was observed in the Murmansk leaf dust for the and degraders and in the Moscow road dust for The PCA and linear regression analyses showed that the degraders in the dust were sensitive to anthropogenic pollution, so they can be used as a tool for monitoring anthropogenic changes in the biosphere. The data on the degraders' and microbial communities' diversity suggest that minor degrading strains can play a key role in PAH degradation.
我们对莫斯科和摩尔曼斯克不同功能区的总细菌群落以及可培养的多环芳烃（PAH）降解细菌群落进行了比较研究，这些功能区是在道路和树叶灰尘中PAH成分的影响下形成的。通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定PAHs；通过宏条形码技术评估细菌群落的多样性。通过将降解菌直接接种在含有PAHs的培养基上进行分离。从交通区到休闲区，树叶灰尘中PAH的总量下降。对于道路灰尘，在莫斯科功能区的微生物群落中，观察到芴和菲降解菌及其相对丰度与污染呈负梯度。在摩尔曼斯克树叶灰尘中的芴和菲降解菌以及莫斯科道路灰尘中的荧蒽降解菌中观察到相反的效果。主成分分析（PCA）和线性回归分析表明，灰尘中的芴降解菌对人为污染敏感，因此它们可作为监测生物圈中人为变化的工具。关于降解菌和微生物群落多样性的数据表明，少量的降解菌株可能在PAH降解中起关键作用。
