Worsley Eleri Anne, Margadonna Serena, Bertoncello Paolo
Future Manufacturing Research Institute, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University Bay Campus, Fabian Way, Crymlyn Burrows, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Oct 13;12(20):3600. doi: 10.3390/nano12203600.
As worldwide energy consumption continues to increase, so too does the demand for improved energy storage technologies. Supercapacitors are energy storage devices that are receiving considerable interest due to their appealing features such as high power densities and much longer cycle lives than batteries. As such, supercapacitors fill the gaps between conventional capacitors and batteries, which are characterised by high power density and high energy density, respectively. Carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene nanoplatelets, are being widely explored as supercapacitor electrode materials due to their high surface area, low toxicity, and ability to tune properties for the desired application. In this review, we first briefly introduce the theoretical background and basic working principles of supercapacitors and then discuss the effects of electrode material selection and structure of carbon nanomaterials on the performances of supercapacitors. Finally, we highlight the recent advances of graphene nanoplatelets and how chemical functionalisation can affect and improve their supercapacitor performance.
随着全球能源消耗持续增长，对改进型储能技术的需求也在增加。超级电容器是一种储能装置，因其具有诸如高功率密度和比电池长得多的循环寿命等吸引人的特性而备受关注。因此，超级电容器填补了传统电容器和电池之间的空白，传统电容器和电池的特点分别是高功率密度和高能量密度。碳纳米材料，如石墨烯纳米片，由于其高表面积、低毒性以及能够针对所需应用调整性能，正被广泛探索用作超级电容器电极材料。在本综述中，我们首先简要介绍超级电容器的理论背景和基本工作原理，然后讨论电极材料选择和碳纳米材料结构对超级电容器性能的影响。最后，我们重点介绍石墨烯纳米片的最新进展以及化学功能化如何影响和改善其超级电容器性能。
