Zhang Jinqiao, Cen Meiling, Wei Tao, Wang Qianyun, Xu Jing
College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023 Nov 10;13(22):2927. doi: 10.3390/nano13222927.
Supercapacitors (SCs) are widely used in energy storage devices due to their superior power density and long cycle lifetime. However, the limited energy densities of SCs hinder their industrial application to a great extent. In this study, we present a new combination of metallic phosphide-carbon composites, synthesized by directly carbonizing (NiCo)TiO nanowires via thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD) technology. The new method uses one-dimensional (1D) (NiCo)TiO nanowires as precursors and supporters for the in situ growth of intertwined porous CNF microspheres. These 1D nanowires undergo microstructure transformation, resulting in the formation of CoNiP nanoparticles, which act as excellent interconnected catalytic nanoparticles for the growth of porous 3D CNF microspheres. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of a unique 1D/3D structure, the agglomeration of nanoparticles can effectively be prevented. The resulting CNF microspheres exhibit an interconnected conductive matrix and provide a large specific surface area with abundant ion/charge transport channels. Consequently, at a scanning rate of 10 mV s, its specific capacitance in 1.0 M NaSO + 0.05 M Fe(CN) aqueous solution is as high as 311.7 mF cm. Furthermore, the CoNiP@CNFs composite film-based symmetrical SCs show an ultrahigh energy density of 20.08 Wh kg at a power density of 7.20 kW kg, along with outstanding cycling stability, with 87.2% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles in soluble redox electrolytes. This work provides a new strategy for designing and applying high-performance binary transition metal phosphide/carbon composites for next-generation energy storage devices.
超级电容器（SCs）因其卓越的功率密度和长循环寿命而被广泛应用于储能设备。然而，SCs有限的能量密度在很大程度上阻碍了它们的工业应用。在本研究中，我们展示了一种金属磷化物-碳复合材料的新组合，通过热化学气相沉积（TCVD）技术直接碳化（NiCo）TiO纳米线合成。该新方法使用一维（1D）（NiCo）TiO纳米线作为原位生长交织多孔CNF微球的前驱体和支撑体。这些1D纳米线经历微观结构转变，导致形成CoNiP纳米颗粒，它们作为用于生长多孔3D CNF微球的优异互连催化纳米颗粒。受益于独特的1D/3D结构的协同效应，可以有效防止纳米颗粒的团聚。所得的CNF微球表现出互连的导电基质，并提供具有丰富离子/电荷传输通道的大比表面积。因此，在10 mV s的扫描速率下，其在1.0 M NaSO + 0.05 M Fe(CN)水溶液中的比电容高达311.7 mF cm。此外，基于CoNiP@CNFs复合膜的对称SCs在功率密度为7.20 kW kg时显示出20.08 Wh kg的超高能量密度，以及出色的循环稳定性，在可溶性氧化还原电解质中经过10000次循环后容量保持率为87.2%。这项工作为设计和应用用于下一代储能设备的高性能二元过渡金属磷化物/碳复合材料提供了一种新策略。
