Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
J Community Psychol. 2023 May;51(4):1736-1755. doi: 10.1002/jcop.22956. Epub 2022 Oct 27.
Neighborhood collective efficacy is associated with lower internalizing and externalizing problems. There is evidence that neighborhood factors may moderate associations between child adversity and behavior problems (e.g., Riina et al., 2014). There is a limited understanding of whether neighborhood collective efficacy moderates the associations between adversity (threat/deprivation) and internalizing and externalizing problems. Our study tested these associations in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (n = 2666). Parental disengagement (deprivation) and parental harshness (threat) severity scores from ages 1-9 years were calculated by using caregiver report. Neighborhood collective efficacy, including its components informal social control and social cohesion, was reported at age 9. Internalizing and externalizing problems were reported at age 15. The lowest level of internalizing problems was reported for adolescents living in neighborhoods with high neighborhood collective efficacy who also experienced low parental disengagement. Among adolescents who lived in neighborhoods with high neighborhood collective efficacy or high informal social control at age 9, higher parental disengagement was associated with higher externalizing problems at 15. Further research is needed to understand complex associations between adversity, neighborhood collective efficacy, and adolescent behavior problems.
邻里集体效能与较低的内化和外化问题有关。有证据表明，邻里因素可能会调节儿童逆境与行为问题之间的关系（例如，Riina 等人，2014 年）。对于邻里集体效能是否会调节逆境（威胁/剥夺）与内化和外化问题之间的关系，我们的理解还很有限。我们的研究在脆弱家庭和儿童福利研究（n=2666）中检验了这些关联。通过照顾者报告计算了 1 至 9 岁期间父母疏离（剥夺）和父母严厉（威胁）严重程度得分。邻里集体效能及其组成部分非正式社会控制和社会凝聚力在 9 岁时报告。内化和外化问题在 15 岁时报告。在邻里集体效能高且父母疏离程度低的青少年中，内化问题的最低水平。在 9 岁时生活在邻里集体效能高或非正式社会控制高的青少年中，较高的父母疏离与 15 岁时较高的外化问题有关。需要进一步的研究来了解逆境、邻里集体效能和青少年行为问题之间的复杂关系。
