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J Acad Nutr Diet. 2020 Feb;120(2):270-279. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.08.173. Epub 2019 Nov 25.
4
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Appetite-Related Eating Behaviours: An Overview of Assessment Methods, Determinants and Effects on Children's Weight.食欲相关的进食行为：评估方法、决定因素及其对儿童体重影响的概述。
Ann Nutr Metab. 2018;73(1):19-29. doi: 10.1159/000489824. Epub 2018 May 29.
7
Daily Snacking Occasions and Weight Status Among US Children Aged 1 to 5 Years.美国 1 至 5 岁儿童的每日零食次数与体重状况。
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2018 Jun;26(6):1034-1042. doi: 10.1002/oby.22172. Epub 2018 Apr 14.
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Associations between nutritional quality of meals and snacks assessed by the Food Standards Agency nutrient profiling system and overall diet quality and adiposity measures in British children and adolescents.英国儿童和青少年的膳食和零食的食品标准局营养成分分析系统评估的营养质量与整体饮食质量和肥胖指标之间的关系。
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Simulation of Growth Trajectories of Childhood Obesity into Adulthood.儿童肥胖至成年期生长轨迹的模拟
N Engl J Med. 2017 Nov 30;377(22):2145-2153. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1703860.
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Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults and Youth: United States, 2015-2016.2015 - 2016年美国成年人及青少年肥胖症患病率
NCHS Data Brief. 2017 Oct(288):1-8.

体重状况与美国青少年零食时所消费食物类型的关联。

Association of weight status with the types of foods consumed at snacking occasions among US adolescents.

机构信息

Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

出版信息

Obesity (Silver Spring). 2022 Dec;30(12):2459-2467. doi: 10.1002/oby.23571. Epub 2022 Oct 28.

DOI:10.1002/oby.23571
PMID:36306336
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10305840/
Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate snack food-group composition by weight status among United States adolescents.

METHODS

Cross-sectional analysis of adolescent food-group-component intake from snacking occasions using two 24-hour dietary recalls from the 2007 through 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; n = 5264; 12-19 years) was conducted. ANCOVA models evaluated food intakes by BMI percentile (BMI%; normal weight [NW]: <85th BMI%; overweight [OW]: 85th-95th BMI%; and obesity [OB]: ≥95th BMI%), adjusting for energy misreporting and key covariates.

RESULTS

Adolescents with OB consumed greater total daily energy from snacks (mean [SE]: NW = 424 [10] kcal; OW = 527 [16] kcal; OB = 603 [22] kcal; p < 0.001) than adolescents with OW and NW. Adolescents with OW or OB consumed higher amounts of refined grains, dairy, protein, oil, solid fat, and added sugar from snacks than adolescents with NW (p < 0.05-0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Adolescents with OW or OB consume more calories and higher levels of overconsumed dietary components, i.e., added sugar, solid fats, and refined grains, from snacks than adolescents with NW. Age-specific snacking recommendations to inform dietary guidance are needed to prevent excess intake of overconsumed nutrients and calories.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在评估美国青少年的体重状况对零食食品组构成的影响。

方法

利用 2007 年至 2018 年全国健康和营养调查（NHANES）中两次 24 小时膳食回忆的数据，对青少年零食食品组成分的摄入量进行横断面分析（n=5264；12-19 岁）。采用协方差分析模型，根据 BMI 百分位（BMI%；正常体重[NW]：<85th BMI%；超重[OW]：85th-95th BMI%；肥胖[OB]：≥95th BMI%）评估食物摄入量，同时调整能量报告错误和关键协变量。

结果

与 NW 组相比，OB 组青少年从零食中摄入的总日能量更多（均值[SE]：NW 组为 424[10]千卡；OW 组为 527[16]千卡；OB 组为 603[22]千卡；p<0.001）。OW 或 OB 组青少年从零食中摄入的精制谷物、乳制品、蛋白质、油、固体脂肪和添加糖的量均高于 NW 组（p<0.05-0.001）。

结论

OW 或 OB 组青少年从零食中摄入的卡路里和过度摄入的膳食成分（如添加糖、固体脂肪和精制谷物）比 NW 组青少年更多。需要制定针对特定年龄段的零食推荐量，以指导饮食，从而防止过度摄入过度消耗的营养物质和卡路里。