实现 2030 年美国健康人群母乳喂养目标：挑战与机遇。
Achieving healthy people 2030 breastfeeding targets in the United States: challenges and opportunities.
机构信息
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
出版信息
J Perinatol. 2023 Jan;43(1):74-80. doi: 10.1038/s41372-022-01535-x. Epub 2022 Oct 29.
OBJECTIVES
To estimate the national and states-specific gaps in breastfeeding rates in the United States for achieving the Healthy People 2030 (HP2030) targets, which are: 42.4% of infants to exclusively breastfeed through 6th months, and 54.1% of infants to breastfeed through 12th month of age.
STUDY DESIGN
The differences between the HP2030 breastfeeding targets and the respective state-specific baseline rates in the 2022 National Immunization Survey report for infants born in 2019 were computed.
RESULTS
The gaps in breastfeeding rates for achieving either of the two HP2030 targets varied greatly. Relative to their 2019 baseline estimates, 7 U.S. states need to increase breastfeeding rates between 100% and 207%, 27 states between 50% and 99%, 9 states and 2 territories between 20% and 49% and the remaining 7, between 0% and 19%.
CONCLUSIONS
Thirty-four of 50 (68%) states face huge gaps in achieving the HP2030 breastfeeding targets.
目的
估计美国在实现 2030 年健康人（HP2030）目标方面的母乳喂养率的全国和各州具体差距，这些目标是：6 个月内婴儿纯母乳喂养率达到 42.4%，12 个月内婴儿母乳喂养率达到 54.1%。
研究设计
计算了 2022 年全国免疫调查报告中 2019 年出生婴儿的 HP2030 母乳喂养目标与各自州基线率之间的差异。
结果
实现两个 HP2030 目标中的任何一个的母乳喂养率差距都很大。相对于其 2019 年的基准估计，美国 7 个州需要将母乳喂养率提高 100%至 207%，27 个州需要提高 50%至 99%，9 个州和 2 个地区需要提高 20%至 49%，其余 7 个州需要提高 0%至 19%。
结论
50 个州中的 34 个州在实现 HP2030 母乳喂养目标方面存在巨大差距。
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