Feng Hai, Zhuo Yunhui, Zhang Xuemei, Li Yuyao, Li Yue, Duan Xiangjuan, Shi Jia, Xu Chengbin, Gao Yueqiu, Yu Zhuo
Institute of Infectious Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Department of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
J Hepatocell Carcinoma. 2022 Oct 26;9:1109-1125. doi: 10.2147/JHC.S381764. eCollection 2022.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a serious medical therapeutic challenge as conventional curative avenues such as surgery and chemotherapy only benefit for few patients with limited tumor burden. Immunotherapy achieves clinical progress in the treatment of this prevalent malignant disease by virtue of the development of tumor immunology; however, most patients have experienced minimal or no clinical benefit in terms of overall survival. The complexity and diversity of tumor microenvironment (TME) built by immune and stromal cell subsets has been considered to be responsible for the insufficiency of immunotherapy. The advance of bioanalytical technology boosts the exploration of the composition and differentiation of these infiltrated cells, which reflect the immune state of the TME and impact the efficacy of the antitumor immune response. Targeting these cells to remodel the TME is one of the important immunotherapeutic approaches to improve HCC treatment. In this review, we focused on the role of these non-cancerous cells in the tumor progression, and elaborated their function on cancer immunotherapy when manipulating them as potential targets.
肝细胞癌（HCC）仍然是一个严峻的医学治疗挑战，因为诸如手术和化疗等传统治愈途径仅使少数肿瘤负荷有限的患者受益。免疫疗法借助肿瘤免疫学的发展，在这种常见恶性疾病的治疗中取得了临床进展；然而，就总生存期而言，大多数患者的临床获益甚微或没有临床获益。由免疫细胞和基质细胞亚群构成的肿瘤微环境（TME）的复杂性和多样性被认为是免疫疗法疗效不佳的原因。生物分析技术的进步推动了对这些浸润细胞的组成和分化的探索，这些细胞反映了TME的免疫状态，并影响抗肿瘤免疫反应的疗效。靶向这些细胞以重塑TME是改善HCC治疗的重要免疫治疗方法之一。在本综述中，我们重点关注了这些非癌细胞在肿瘤进展中的作用，并阐述了将它们作为潜在靶点进行调控时，它们在癌症免疫治疗中的功能。
