Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Rev Med Virol. 2023 Jan;33(1):e2404. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2404. Epub 2022 Nov 4.
The multi-country outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection, while the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is still an ongoing issue, has caused a new challenge. The re-emergence of MPXV and the rising incidence in non-endemic countries is turning into an upcoming threat to global health. Hence, rapid identification of the virus with appropriate methodology with the lowest false results plays a critical role in estimating the global extent of the crisis and providing preventive measures. This review summarised the main applicable strategies for primary detection and confirmation of MPXV and highlighted available data in biosafety, requirements, standard operating procedures, specimen collection, transportation and storage of clinical samples, and waste disposal of the viral agent. Also, various assays including molecular techniques, immunoassays, histopathological methods, electron microscopy, genomic sequencing, and cell culture have been illustrated. Moreover, we reflected on current knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of each approach.
多国猴痘病毒（MPXV）感染疫情的爆发，正值 2019 年冠状病毒病大流行仍在持续之际，这带来了新的挑战。MPXV 的再次出现以及在非流行国家的发病率上升，正在成为对全球健康的一个即将到来的威胁。因此，采用最低假阳性结果的适当方法快速识别病毒，对于评估全球危机的程度和提供预防措施至关重要。本综述总结了主要适用于猴痘病毒初步检测和确认的策略，并强调了生物安全方面的可用数据、要求、标准操作程序、临床样本的采集、运输和储存以及病毒剂的废物处理。此外，还阐述了包括分子技术、免疫测定、组织病理学方法、电子显微镜、基因组测序和细胞培养在内的各种检测方法。此外，我们还对每种方法的优缺点进行了当前知识的反思。
