Ekner-Grzyb Anna, Duka Anna, Grzyb Tomasz, Lopes Isabel, Chmielowska-Bąk Jagna
Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.
Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Oct 20;13:1027608. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1027608. eCollection 2022.
Pollution of the environment with plastic is an important concern of the modern world. It is estimated that annually over 350 million tonnes of this material are produced, wherein, despite the recycling methods, a significant part is deposited in the environment. The plastic has been detected in the industrial areas, as well as farmlands and gardens in many world regions. Larger plastic pieces degraded in time into smaller pieces including microplastic (MP) and nanoplastic particles (NP). Nanoplastic is suggested to pose the most serious danger as due to the small size, it is effectively taken up from the environment by the biota and transported within the organisms. An increasing number of reports show that NP exert toxic effects also on plants. One of the most common plant response to abiotic stress factors is the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). On the one hand, these molecules are engaged in cellular signalling and regulation of genes expression. On the other hand, ROS in excess lead to oxidation and damage of various cellular compounds. This article reviews the impact of NP on plants, with special emphasis on the oxidative response.
塑料对环境的污染是现代社会关注的一个重要问题。据估计，每年生产的这种材料超过3.5亿吨，尽管有回收利用的方法，但仍有很大一部分被排放到环境中。在世界许多地区的工业区、农田和花园中都检测到了塑料。较大的塑料碎片会随着时间的推移降解成较小的碎片，包括微塑料（MP）和纳米塑料颗粒（NP）。纳米塑料被认为是最危险的，因为其尺寸小，能被生物群有效地从环境中吸收并在生物体内运输。越来越多的报告表明，纳米塑料对植物也有毒性作用。植物对非生物胁迫因子最常见的反应之一是活性氧（ROS）的积累。一方面，这些分子参与细胞信号传导和基因表达调控。另一方面，过量的活性氧会导致各种细胞化合物的氧化和损伤。本文综述了纳米塑料对植物的影响，特别强调了氧化反应。
