Sun Changhui, He Changcai, Zhong Chao, Liu Shihang, Liu Hongying, Luo Xu, Li Jun, Zhang Yuxiu, Guo Yuting, Yang Bin, Wang Pingrong, Deng Xiaojian
State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Oct 20;13:1044790. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1044790. eCollection 2022.
Photoperiod is acknowledged as a crucial environmental factor for plant flowering. According to different responses to photoperiod, plants were divided into short-day plants (SDPs), long-day plants (LDPs), and day-neutral plants (DNPs). The day length measurement system of SDPs is different from LDPs. Many SDPs, such as rice, have a critical threshold for day length (CDL) and can even detect changes of 15 minutes for flowering decisions. Over the last 20 years, molecular mechanisms of flowering time in SDP rice and LDP Arabidopsis have gradually clarified, which offers a chance to elucidate the differences in day length measurement between the two types of plants. In Arabidopsis, CO is a pivotal hub in integrating numerous internal and external signals for inducing photoperiodic flowering. By contrast, in rice, the homolog of , promotes and prevents flowering under SD and LD, respectively. Subsequently, numerous dual function regulators, such as phytochromes, , , , , , and , were gradually identified. This review assesses the relationship among these regulators and a proposed regulatory framework for the reversible mechanism, which will deepen our understanding of the CDL regulation mechanism and the negative response to photoperiod between SDPs and LDPs.
光周期被认为是影响植物开花的关键环境因素。根据对光周期的不同反应，植物被分为短日植物（SDP）、长日植物（LDP）和日中性植物（DNP）。短日植物的日长测量系统与长日植物不同。许多短日植物，如水稻，具有日长临界阈值（CDL），甚至能检测到15分钟的日长变化以做出开花决定。在过去20年里，短日植物水稻和长日植物拟南芥开花时间的分子机制已逐渐阐明，这为阐明这两种植物在日长测量上的差异提供了契机。在拟南芥中，CO是整合众多内部和外部信号以诱导光周期开花的关键枢纽。相比之下，在水稻中，[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]的同源物分别在短日和长日条件下促进和抑制开花。随后，逐渐鉴定出了许多双功能调节因子，如光敏色素、[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]等。本综述评估了这些调节因子之间的关系以及一种关于可逆机制的拟议调节框架，这将加深我们对短日植物和长日植物中CDL调节机制以及对光周期负反应的理解。
