Preethi Mosam, Roy Lavanika, Lahkar Sukanya, Borse Vivek
NanoBioSens Lab, Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500037, Telangana, India.
Biosens Bioelectron X. 2022 Dec;12:100276. doi: 10.1016/j.biosx.2022.100276. Epub 2022 Nov 3.
The sudden outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought to the fore the existing threat of disease-causing pathogens that affect public health all over the world. It has left the best healthcare systems struggling to contain the spread of disease and its consequences. Under challenging circumstances, several innovative technologies have emerged that facilitated quicker diagnosis and treatment. Nanodiagnostic devices are biosensing platforms developed using nanomaterials such as nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, etc. These devices have the edge over conventional techniques such as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) because of their ease of use, quicker analysis, possible miniaturization, and scope for use in point-of-care (POC) treatment. This review discusses the techniques currently used for COVID-19 diagnosis, emphasizing nanotechnology-based diagnostic devices. The commercialized nanodiagnostic devices in various research and development stages are also reviewed. The advantages of nanodiagnostic devices over other techniques are discussed, along with their limitations. Additionally, the important implications of the utility of nanodiagnostic devices in COVID-19, their prospects for future development for use in clinical and POC settings, and personalized healthcare are also discussed.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行的突然爆发，凸显了影响全球公共卫生的致病病原体的现存威胁。它使最好的医疗保健系统也难以控制疾病的传播及其后果。在具有挑战性的情况下，出现了几种创新技术，有助于更快地进行诊断和治疗。纳米诊断设备是使用纳米颗粒、纳米管、纳米线等纳米材料开发的生物传感平台。这些设备比逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）等传统技术更具优势，因为它们使用方便、分析速度更快、可能实现小型化，并且有用于即时护理（POC）治疗的潜力。本综述讨论了目前用于COVID-19诊断的技术，重点介绍了基于纳米技术的诊断设备。还综述了处于不同研发阶段的商业化纳米诊断设备。讨论了纳米诊断设备相对于其他技术的优势及其局限性。此外，还讨论了纳米诊断设备在COVID-19中的应用的重要意义、它们在临床和POC环境中未来发展用于个性化医疗保健的前景。
