Fortuna Paweł, Gorbaniuk Oleg
Institute of Psychology, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Eur J Psychol. 2022 May 31;18(2):207-218. doi: 10.5964/ejop.5473. eCollection 2022 May.
The aim of the presented research was to define the differences between information technology (IT) professionals (ITP) and non-professionals (NP) in the way of understanding artificial intelligence (AI). The research was designed in the tradition of categorization research. In an online study participants were asked to make typicality and familiarity judgments for 50 AI exemplars. Two types of analyses were carried out, which made it possible to identify and compare the hierarchy of AI designates (graded structure) and the dimensions of their groupings. We have found that "invisible AI" exemplars were highly rated by ITP, but "visible AI" by NP. Expert knowledge allows ITP to systematize AI exemplars based on both structural and functional elements. On the other hand, laymen indicate the functions that AI-driven products perform, rather than their structures. For ITP, they are primarily algorithmic systems, while for NP they are systems that emulate the functions of living organisms.
本研究的目的是确定信息技术（IT）专业人员（ITP）和非专业人员（NP）在理解人工智能（AI）方式上的差异。该研究是按照分类研究的传统设计的。在一项在线研究中，要求参与者对50个AI示例进行典型性和熟悉度判断。进行了两种类型的分析，这使得识别和比较AI指定的层次结构（分级结构）及其分组维度成为可能。我们发现，“不可见AI”示例在ITP中获得了很高的评价，但“可见AI”在NP中获得了很高的评价。专业知识使ITP能够基于结构和功能元素对AI示例进行系统化。另一方面，外行人指出AI驱动产品所执行的功能，而不是它们的结构。对ITP来说，它们主要是算法系统，而对NP来说，它们是模拟生物体功能的系统。
