Nishigori Chikako, Yamano Nozomi, Kunisada Makoto, Nishiaki-Sawada Aiko, Ohashi Hiroyuki, Igarashi Tatsushi
Japanese Red Cross Hyogo Blood Center, Kobe, Japan.
Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
Photochem Photobiol. 2023 Mar;99(2):335-343. doi: 10.1111/php.13742. Epub 2022 Dec 8.
Life on earth has constantly coped with the impact of solar radiation, especially solar ultraviolet radiation (solar UV). Various biological mechanisms protect us from solar UV. New devices emitting shorter wavelengths UV-C, i.e. <254 nm emitted by conventional UV germicidal lamps, have emerged. These shorter wavelength UV-C emitting devices are useful for various purposes, including microorganism inactivation. However, as solar UV-C does not reach the earth surface, biological impacts of UV-C has been studied using 254 nm germicidal lamps, and those using shorter wavelength UV-C is rarely known. To balance the utility and risk of UV-C, the biological effect of these new UV-C emitting devices must be investigated. In addition, our knowledge of biological impacts of the wavelength-dependent entire UV (100-400 nm) must be enhanced. In this review, we briefly summarize the biological impacts of shorter wavelength UV-C. Mechanisms of UV-C-induced cellular damage and factors affecting the microorganism inactivation efficiency of UV-C have been discussed. In addition, we theoretically estimate the probable photocarcinogenic action spectrum of shorter wavelength UV-C. We propose that increasing the knowledge on UV-C will facilitate the adoption of shorter wavelength UV-C emitting new devices in an optimal and appropriate manner.
地球上的生命一直在应对太阳辐射的影响，尤其是太阳紫外线辐射（太阳紫外线）。各种生物机制保护我们免受太阳紫外线的伤害。新型设备出现了，它们能发出波长更短的紫外线C，即传统紫外线杀菌灯发出的波长小于254纳米的紫外线。这些发射波长更短的紫外线C的设备可用于多种用途，包括灭活微生物。然而，由于太阳紫外线C无法到达地球表面，人们一直使用254纳米的杀菌灯来研究紫外线C的生物影响，而对于使用波长更短的紫外线C的情况则知之甚少。为了平衡紫外线C的效用和风险，必须研究这些新型发射紫外线C的设备的生物效应。此外，我们还必须增进对整个波长依赖性紫外线（100 - 400纳米）生物影响的了解。在这篇综述中，我们简要总结了波长更短的紫外线C的生物影响。讨论了紫外线C诱导细胞损伤的机制以及影响紫外线C灭活微生物效率的因素。此外，我们从理论上估计了波长更短的紫外线C可能的光致癌作用光谱。我们认为，增加对紫外线C的了解将有助于以最佳和适当的方式采用发射波长更短的紫外线C的新型设备。
