Marti Eleonora, Nannoni Eleonora, Visentin Giulio, Sardi Luca, Martelli Giovanna, Belperio Simona, Liuzzo Gaetano
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy.
Department of Public Health-Veterinary Service, Local Health Authority of Modena, Strada Martiniana 21, 41126 Modena, Italy.
Vet Sci. 2022 Oct 27;9(11):590. doi: 10.3390/vetsci9110590.
To date, especially in Europe, few studies have analysed the implications of long journeys on pig welfare and economic losses, expressed in terms of transport mortality. This study retrospectively analysed data collected from slaughtering registers and travel journals in a large Italian abattoir. We focused on pig transports coming from abroad and arriving at the slaughter plant after long journeys (a total of 59,982 pigs over 370 journeys). We explored the relationship between mortality and the following variables: country of origin, journey duration, astronomical season, stocking density on the truck, number of stops, and prolonged stops during the journey (lasting more than 60 min, likely due to traffic jams or truck problems). Overall, the low mortality rate observed (0.09%) was in line with European estimates. The factors with a significant or tendential effect on mortality during transport were the astronomical season ( = 0.0472, with higher mortality in spring) and the presence of prolonged stops during the journey ( = 0.069, tendential effect). Journey duration, stocking density, country of origin, and the number of stops were not statistically significant. In conclusion, based on this case study, using transport mortality combined with data collected during the common routine activity by the Public Veterinary Services in slaughterhouses could be a simple screening method for identifying problematic journeys or transport conditions.
迄今为止，尤其是在欧洲，很少有研究分析长途运输对猪福利的影响以及以运输死亡率表示的经济损失。本研究回顾性分析了从意大利一家大型屠宰场的屠宰记录和行程日志中收集的数据。我们关注来自国外且经过长途运输后抵达屠宰厂的猪运输情况（370次行程中共有59982头猪）。我们探讨了死亡率与以下变量之间的关系：原产国、行程时长、天文季节、卡车上的饲养密度、停车次数以及行程中的长时间停车（持续超过60分钟，可能是由于交通堵塞或卡车故障）。总体而言，观察到的低死亡率（0.09%）与欧洲的估计相符。对运输过程中的死亡率有显著或趋势性影响的因素是天文季节（P = 0.0472，春季死亡率较高）以及行程中存在长时间停车（P = 0.069，趋势性影响）。行程时长、饲养密度、原产国和停车次数在统计学上不显著。总之，基于本案例研究，将运输死亡率与公共兽医服务机构在屠宰场日常常规活动中收集的数据相结合，可能是一种识别问题行程或运输条件的简单筛查方法。
