Scarfò Giorgia, Piccarducci Rebecca, Daniele Simona, Franzoni Ferdinando, Martini Claudia
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of General Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Center for Rehabilitative Medicine "Sport and Anatomy", University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Oct 27;11(11):2116. doi: 10.3390/antiox11112116.
The human brain is primarily composed of lipids, and their homeostasis is crucial to carry on normal neuronal functions. In order to provide an adequate amount of lipid transport in and out of the central nervous system, organisms need a set of proteins able to bind them. Therefore, alterations in the structure or function of lipid-binding proteins negatively affect brain homeostasis, as well as increase inflammation and oxidative stress with the consequent risk of neurodegeneration. In this regard, lifestyle changes seem to be protective against neurodegenerative processes. Nutraceutical supplementation with antioxidant molecules has proven to be useful in proving cognitive functions. Additionally, regular physical activity seems to protect neuronal vitality and increases antioxidant defenses. The aim of the present review was to investigate mechanisms that link lipid-binding protein dysfunction and oxidative stress to cognitive decline, also underlining the neuroprotective effects of diet and exercise.
人类大脑主要由脂质组成，其稳态对于维持正常的神经元功能至关重要。为了在中枢神经系统内外提供足够的脂质运输，生物体需要一组能够结合脂质的蛋白质。因此，脂质结合蛋白的结构或功能改变会对脑稳态产生负面影响，并增加炎症和氧化应激，进而导致神经退行性变的风险。在这方面，生活方式的改变似乎对神经退行性过程具有保护作用。补充具有抗氧化作用的营养保健品已被证明有助于改善认知功能。此外，规律的体育锻炼似乎可以保护神经元活力并增强抗氧化防御能力。本综述的目的是研究将脂质结合蛋白功能障碍和氧化应激与认知衰退联系起来的机制，同时强调饮食和运动的神经保护作用。
