Alabajos-Cea Ana, Herrero-Manley Luz, Suso-Martí Luis, Sempere-Rubio Núria, Cuenca-Martínez Ferran, Muñoz-Alarcos Vicente, Pérez-Barquero Juan Alonso, Viosca-Herrero Enrique, Vázquez-Arce Isabel
Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2022 Oct 30;12(11):2631. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12112631.
Background: The main objective was to evaluate differences in the clinical, motor, or functional variables in patients with Early Osteoarthritis (EOA) and individuals at risk of developing osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. All the participants were divided into two groups: EOA patients and healthy subjects (HS) at risk of developing OA. The main outcomes were clinical tests, such as those of knee morphology, instability, or proprioception; motor and functional variables, such as knee strength, range of motion, walking speed, and the sit-to-stand test; pain and disability, assessed through the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) scales; and knee alignment and leg length inequality, assessed via X-ray images. Results: A total of 97 participants were included (54 EOA and 43 HS). Patients with EOA showed a greater presence of knee pain (p < 0.01). In addition, more EOA patients showed instability both in the left (p < 0.01) and right legs (p < 0.05). Regarding the knee alignment variable, significant differences were found (p < 0.04), with more patients with EOA diagnosed as possessing a varus alignment. In addition, EOA patients showed lower knee strength, since statistically significant differences were found regarding flexion and extension strength in the left leg (Mean Difference (MD): 12.92; p = 0.03; d = −0.46 and MD:7.81; p = 0.04; d = −0.39). Differences were found for the sit-to-stand test scores, showing lower results for the EOA group (MD: −1.91; p < 0.01; d = 0.54). Conclusions: The results of this research show statistically significant differences between patients with EOA and HS at risk of developing OA with respect to pain, disability, instability, knee strength, and the sit-to-stand test. Our results suggest that the evaluation of clinical, motor, and functional features could contribute to an early management of knee OA.
主要目的是评估早期骨关节炎（EOA）患者与有患骨关节炎（OA）风险的个体在临床、运动或功能变量方面的差异。方法：进行了一项横断面研究。所有参与者被分为两组：EOA患者和有患OA风险的健康受试者（HS）。主要结局包括临床测试，如膝关节形态、不稳定或本体感觉测试；运动和功能变量，如膝关节力量、活动范围、步行速度以及从坐到站测试；疼痛和残疾程度，通过西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数（WOMAC）以及膝关节损伤和骨关节炎结局评分（KOOS）量表进行评估；膝关节对线和腿长不等，通过X线图像进行评估。结果：共纳入97名参与者（54名EOA患者和43名HS）。EOA患者膝关节疼痛更为常见（p < 0.01）。此外，更多EOA患者左腿（p < 0.01）和右腿（p < 0.05）均表现出不稳定。关于膝关节对线变量，发现存在显著差异（p < 0.04），更多EOA患者被诊断为内翻对线。此外，EOA患者膝关节力量较低，因为在左腿屈伸力量方面发现了统计学显著差异（平均差（MD）：12.92；p = 0.03；d = -0.46以及MD：7.81；p = 0.04；d = -0.39）。从坐到站测试得分存在差异，显示EOA组结果较低（MD：-1.91；p < 0.01；d = 0.54）。结论：本研究结果表明，EOA患者与有患OA风险的HS在疼痛、残疾、不稳定、膝关节力量以及从坐到站测试方面存在统计学显著差异。我们的结果表明，对临床、运动和功能特征的评估可能有助于膝关节OA的早期管理。
