Margaret Ritchie School of Family and Consumer Sciences, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA.
Nutrients. 2022 Oct 26;14(21):4497. doi: 10.3390/nu14214497.
Protein, iron, zinc, and choline affect early brain development and are found in beef. The aims of this study were to describe (1) early feeding practices related to introduction of beef in the rural US west (Idaho); (2) parental perceptions of beef as a first food, and (3) associations between early beef consumption and child cognition at 1-5 years. A total of 61 children and their parents were enrolled. Parents completed a survey and a food frequency questionnaire to assess perceptions of beef and early feeding practices along with their child's dietary intake at 6-12 months. Children's cognitive function was assessed using the Bayley-4 Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (12-35 months) and the NIH Toolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function (NIHTB) (3-5 years). Parents introduced beef at 7.79 ± 2.65 months of age, primarily so that their children could eat what the family was eating. Higher intake of beef (r = 0.41, = 0.02), zinc (r = 0.45, = 0.01), and choline (r = 0.39, = 0.03) at 6-12 months was associated with better attention and inhibitory control at 3-5 years of age. These findings support the role of beef as an early food for cognitive development, although controlled dietary intervention studies are needed.
蛋白质、铁、锌和胆碱会影响大脑早期发育，而这些物质在牛肉中都有。本研究旨在描述（1）美国西部农村（爱达荷州）引入牛肉的早期喂养实践；（2）父母对牛肉作为第一食物的看法；（3）早期牛肉消费与 1-5 岁儿童认知之间的关联。共纳入 61 名儿童及其父母。父母完成了一项调查和一份食物频率问卷，以评估他们对牛肉和早期喂养实践的看法，以及他们的孩子在 6-12 个月时的饮食摄入情况。使用贝利婴幼儿发育量表第四版（12-35 个月）和 NIH 工具包评估神经和行为功能（NIHTB）（3-5 岁）评估儿童的认知功能。父母在孩子 7.79 ± 2.65 个月时开始引入牛肉，主要是为了让孩子能够吃家人吃的东西。6-12 个月时摄入更多的牛肉（r = 0.41，p = 0.02）、锌（r = 0.45，p = 0.01）和胆碱（r = 0.39，p = 0.03）与 3-5 岁时注意力和抑制控制能力更好相关。这些发现支持了牛肉作为促进认知发育的早期食物的作用，但需要进行对照饮食干预研究。
