Institute of Sports Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
Volkswagen AG, 38440 Wolfsburg, Germany.
Nutrients. 2022 Oct 29;14(21):4560. doi: 10.3390/nu14214560.
Lifestyle changes are a cornerstone in the treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, evidence as to which components of the MetS and associated aspects of quality of life are driven by weight loss or improvements in exercise capacity are scarce.
Company employees ( = 302, 48.2 ± 8.2 years, BMI 33.2 ± 5.4 kg/m) with diagnosed MetS were evaluated after a 6-month telemonitoring-supported intervention (counselling in nutrition and physical activity) or wait-list control (delayed start of the same intervention).
Exercise capacity, body mass index (BMI), and MetS severity were improved after the intervention. Multivariable regression models revealed that changes in BMI were associated with changes in three components of MetS (waist circumference, triglycerides, blood glucose), whereas changes in exercise capacity only were associated to one MetS component change (systolic blood pressure) but also improvements in anxiety severity, aspects of quality of life, and work ability.
Both physical activity promotion and diet should be part of a holistic treatment of patients with MetS. However, our data suggest that dietary-induced weight loss might be more successful when aiming at improving MetS risk factors, whereas focusing more on physical activity promotion might be preferred when targeting aspects in quality of life and mental health.
生活方式的改变是治疗代谢综合征（MetS）的基石。然而，关于体重减轻或运动能力改善驱动哪些 MetS 成分和相关生活质量方面的证据很少。
经过 6 个月的远程监测支持干预（营养和身体活动咨询）或候补名单对照（延迟开始相同干预）后，评估了患有诊断为 MetS 的公司员工（=302，48.2±8.2 岁，BMI33.2±5.4kg/m）。
干预后，运动能力、体重指数（BMI）和 MetS 严重程度得到改善。多变量回归模型显示，BMI 的变化与 MetS 的三个组成部分（腰围、甘油三酯、血糖）的变化相关，而运动能力的变化仅与 MetS 的一个组成部分变化（收缩压）相关，但也与焦虑严重程度、生活质量方面和工作能力的改善相关。
促进身体活动和饮食都应成为治疗 MetS 患者的整体治疗的一部分。然而，我们的数据表明，当旨在改善 MetS 风险因素时，饮食诱导的体重减轻可能更成功，而当更多地关注身体活动促进时，可能更倾向于针对生活质量和心理健康方面。
