Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lomza State University of Applied Sciences, Akademicka 14, 18-400 Lomza, Poland.
Nutrients. 2021 Jun 19;13(6):2102. doi: 10.3390/nu13062102.
Modification of lifestyle, including healthy nutrition, is the primary approach for metabolic syndrome (MetS) therapy. The aim of this study was to estimate how individual nutrition intervention affects the reduction of MetS components. Subjects diagnosed with MetS were recruited in the Lomza Medical Centre. The study group consisted of 90 participants and was divided into one intervention group (individual nutrition education group (INEG)) and one control group (CG). The research was conducted over 3 months. The following measurements were obtained during the first visit and after completion of the 3 months intervention: body mass, waist circumference, body composition, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and blood lipids. Dietary assessments were performed before and post-intervention using 3-day 24-h dietary recalls. Dietary knowledge was evaluated with the KomPAN questionnaire. The total polyphenol content of the diet was calculated. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were collected from a self-reported questionnaire. The physical activity was assessed by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). It was found that the individual nutrition education was an effective method to improve the knowledge, dietary habits, and physical activity of the study participants. The modification of the diet in terms of higher intake of polyphenols (flavonoids and anthocyanins), fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), PUFA n-3, and lower intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) had a significant impact on the improvement of some MetS risk factors (waist circumference, fasting glucose, and HDL-cholesterol).
生活方式的改变，包括健康的营养，是治疗代谢综合征（MetS）的主要方法。本研究旨在评估个体营养干预对降低 MetS 成分的影响。在洛姆扎医疗中心招募了被诊断患有 MetS 的受试者。研究组由 90 名参与者组成，分为干预组（个体营养教育组（INEG））和对照组（CG）。研究持续了 3 个月。在第一次就诊和 3 个月干预结束时获得了以下测量值：体重、腰围、身体成分、血压、空腹血糖和血脂。在干预前后使用 3 天 24 小时膳食回忆法进行膳食评估。使用 KomPAN 问卷评估饮食知识。计算了饮食中的总多酚含量。从自我报告的问卷中收集了社会人口统计学和生活方式特征。使用国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）的简短版本评估了身体活动。研究发现，个体营养教育是一种有效的方法，可以提高研究参与者的知识、饮食习惯和体力活动水平。饮食中多酚（类黄酮和花青素）、纤维、多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）、PUFA n-3 的摄入量增加，饱和脂肪酸（SFA）的摄入量减少，对改善一些 MetS 风险因素（腰围、空腹血糖和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇）有显著影响。
