Bonney Nathan, Larkin Paul, Ball Kevin
Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Front Sports Act Living. 2022 Oct 26;4:1026935. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.1026935. eCollection 2022.
This investigation is the first to explore the effect of a 4 week small-sided game (SSG) and traditional training intervention on player kick proficiency and player adaptability in Australian football. Twenty-two amateur Australian football players (mean ± SD; age 22.3 ± 2.46; height 182.4 ± 5.25; weight 82.1 ± 6.10; years playing senior amateur football 3.86 ± 3.09) were randomly selected into either a traditional training group ( = 11) or a SSG group ( = 11). Traditional training involved activities where skills were generally executed in isolation and with minimal contact (e.g., kicking lane drill or possession football). The SSG training group participated in 5v6 competitive games on varied shaped areas (approximately 272 m per player) and changing constraints (e.g., game tempo, game rules). All players participated in the team training sessions; however, the SSG group participated in a 4 × 3min training protocol, with 60 seconds recovery, in the last 20-min of the session. The SSG group participated in these alternative sessions twice a week for 4 weeks. Results indicated only the SSG enhanced their kick proficiency (17%) and were found to be more adaptable. The intervention group executed more kicks over longer distances (i.e., 20-40 m), made quicker decisions (e.g., executing more kicks in < 1s), applied more pressure to the opposition when they were executing a skill and were more likely to "take the game on" by decreasing the amount of times a skill was executed from a stationary position. The results of this study can be used by coaches when designing and implementing training programs as different training strategies will elicit different player behavioral adaptations.
本研究首次探讨了为期4周的小型比赛（SSG）和传统训练干预对澳大利亚式足球运动员踢球熟练度和球员适应性的影响。22名澳大利亚式足球业余球员（均值±标准差；年龄22.3±2.46岁；身高182.4±5.25厘米；体重82.1±6.10千克；参加高级业余足球比赛年限3.86±3.09年）被随机分为传统训练组（n = 11）或SSG组（n = 11）。传统训练包括一些技能通常单独执行且接触最少的活动（例如，踢车道训练或控球足球）。SSG训练组在形状各异的区域（每名球员约272平方米）参加5对6的比赛，并改变限制条件（例如，比赛节奏、比赛规则）。所有球员都参加团队训练课程；然而，SSG组在课程的最后20分钟参加了一个4×3分钟的训练方案，每次训练间有60秒的恢复时间。SSG组每周参加两次这些替代训练课程，为期4周。结果表明，只有SSG组提高了他们的踢球熟练度（17%），并且被发现更具适应性。干预组在更长距离（即20 - 40米）踢出更多的球，做出更快的决策（例如，在<1秒内执行更多的踢球动作），在对手执行技能时对其施加更多压力，并且更有可能通过减少从静止位置执行技能的次数来“掌控比赛”。当教练设计和实施训练计划时，本研究结果可供他们参考，因为不同的训练策略会引发球员不同的行为适应。
