Radavelli-Bagatini Simone, Gebre Abadi K, Kennedy Mary A, Sim Marc, Blekkenhorst Lauren C, Bondonno Catherine P, Jackson Ben, Dimmock James, Schlaich Markus P, Hodgson Jonathan M, Lewis Joshua R
Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.
Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Front Nutr. 2022 Oct 28;9:946378. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.946378. eCollection 2022.
Although a healthy diet and physical activity have been shown to prevent or delay cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospitalizations and deaths, most adults do not meet current guidelines. Provision of coronary artery calcification (CAC) and carotid ultrasound (CUS) imaging results may motivate beneficial lifestyle changes. We scoped the existing literature for studies providing non-invasive vascular imaging results and reporting diet, physical activity, and/or anthropometric measures to identify knowledge gaps and opportunities for further research.
A systematic search was performed across three electronic databases, in line with PRISMA ScR guidelines and Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework.
Twenty studies (thirteen observational and seven randomized controlled trials) examining the impact of provision of CAC/CUS imaging results on diet and/or physical activity behaviors were included. Nearly half the studies did not clearly state whether participants received dietary and physical activity advice along with vascular imaging results, and these were secondary outcomes in most studies, with data assessment and reporting being inconsistent.
Well-designed clinical trials with consistent and clear messaging based on detailed subjective and objective measures of diet and physical activity are needed to determine whether this approach may stimulate long-term dietary and physical activity change.
尽管健康饮食和体育活动已被证明可预防或延迟心血管疾病（CVD）的住院治疗和死亡，但大多数成年人未达到当前指南的要求。提供冠状动脉钙化（CAC）和颈动脉超声（CUS）成像结果可能会促使人们做出有益的生活方式改变。我们梳理了现有文献，查找提供非侵入性血管成像结果并报告饮食、体育活动和/或人体测量指标的研究，以识别知识空白和进一步研究的机会。
根据PRISMA ScR指南以及Arksey和O'Malley的范围综述框架，在三个电子数据库中进行了系统检索。
纳入了20项研究（13项观察性研究和7项随机对照试验），这些研究考察了提供CAC/CUS成像结果对饮食和/或体育活动行为的影响。近一半的研究未明确说明参与者在获得血管成像结果的同时是否接受了饮食和体育活动建议，并且在大多数研究中这些都是次要结果，数据评估和报告不一致。
需要设计良好的临床试验，基于饮食和体育活动的详细主观和客观测量指标，提供一致且明确的信息，以确定这种方法是否能刺激长期的饮食和体育活动改变。
