Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
Department of Tropical Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Parasit Vectors. 2022 Nov 17;15(1):434. doi: 10.1186/s13071-022-05569-0.
Babesia is an intraerythrocytic parasite often misdiagnosed as a malaria parasite, leading to inappropriate treatment of the disease especially in co-endemic areas. In recent years, optical diffraction tomography (ODT) has shown great potential in the field of pathogen detection by quantification of three-dimensional (3D) imaging tomograms. The 3D imaging of biological cells is crucial to investigate and provide valuable information about the mechanisms behind the pathophysiology of cells and tissues.
The early ring stage of P. falciparum were obtained from stored stock of infected RBCs and of B. microti were obtained from infected patients during diagnosis. The ODT technique was applied to analyze and characterize detailed differences between P. falciparum and B. microti ring stage at the single cell level. Based on 3D quantitative information, accurate measurement was performed of morphological, biochemical, and biophysical parameters.
Accurate measurements of morphological parameters indicated that the host cell surface area at the ring stage in B. microti was significantly smaller (140.2 ± 17.1 µm) than that in P. falciparum (159.0 ± 15.2 µm), and sphericities showed higher levels in B. microti-parasitized cells (0.66 ± 0.05) than in P. falciparum (0.60 ± 0.04). Based on biochemical parameters, host cell hemoglobin level was significantly higher and membrane fluctuations were respectively more active in P. falciparum-infected cells (30.25 ± 2.96 pg; 141.3 ± 24.68 nm) than in B. microti (27.28 ± 3.52 pg; 110.1 ± 38.83 nm). The result indicates that P. falciparum more actively altered host RBCs than B. microti.
Although P. falciparum and B. microti often show confusable characteristics under the microscope, and the actual three-dimensional properties are different. These differences could be used in differential clinical diagnosis of erythrocytes infected with B. microti and P. falciparum.
巴贝虫是一种常见于红细胞内的寄生虫，常被误诊为疟原虫，导致疾病治疗不当，尤其是在共同流行地区。近年来，光衍射层析成像（ODT）在病原体检测领域显示出巨大的潜力，通过三维（3D）成像层析图像的定量来实现。生物细胞的 3D 成像对于研究和提供有关细胞和组织病理生理学背后机制的有价值信息至关重要。
从储存的感染 RBC 中获得早期环期疟原虫，从诊断期间的感染患者中获得微小巴贝斯虫。ODT 技术用于分析和表征单细胞水平上疟原虫和微小巴贝斯虫环期之间的详细差异。基于 3D 定量信息，对形态学、生化和生物物理参数进行精确测量。
形态学参数的精确测量表明，微小巴贝斯虫环期的宿主细胞表面积明显小于疟原虫（140.2 ± 17.1 µm），并且微小巴贝斯虫寄生细胞的球形度更高（0.66 ± 0.05）比疟原虫（0.60 ± 0.04）。基于生化参数，感染疟原虫的宿主细胞血红蛋白水平明显更高，膜波动分别更为活跃（30.25 ± 2.96 pg；141.3 ± 24.68 nm）比微小巴贝斯虫（27.28 ± 3.52 pg；110.1 ± 38.83 nm）。结果表明，疟原虫比微小巴贝斯虫更积极地改变宿主 RBC。
尽管在显微镜下微小巴贝斯虫和疟原虫常表现出相似的特征，但实际的三维特性却有所不同。这些差异可用于微小巴贝斯虫和疟原虫感染红细胞的临床鉴别诊断。
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