Gerodontology and Special Care Dentistry Unit, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Gerodontology and Special Care Dentistry Unit, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Ann Anat. 2023 Feb;246:152026. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2022.152026. Epub 2022 Nov 17.
A higher prevalence of oral problems has been observed in the elderly population. One of the treatment options for some of these pathologies is the administration of mouthwashes combined with mechanical removal techniques. Besides, each type of oral rinse treats certain oral diseases, and it should be selected for each specific situation.
To determine the use and efficacy of mouthwashes in the elderly as a treatment for various pathologies, to indicate the most common kinds of mouth-rinses used, the diseases treated with them, their efficacy in each treatment, and their effectiveness when they are combined with other treatments.
The review has been carried out following the PRISMA 2020 Statement. Individualized bibliographic searches were performed in five databases. Randomized clinical trials are included in patients over 60 years old where mouthwashes were administered to treat or prevent specific diseases. The PICO question aimed to assess what type of mouthwashes elderly patients use, what they use them for, and their efficacy. Study selection, data extraction, and quality analysis were achieved using the RoB-2 guide.
Thirteen articles were chosen to perform the qualitative analysis. The bibliometric analysis was carried out. We have eleven randomized controlled clinical trials and two uncontrolled. The mouthwash more used was chlorhexidine, followed by essential oils and fluorides. The most studied pathologies were a periodontal disease, caries, candidiasis, denture stomatitis, and xerostomia. Chlorhexidine used weekly is effective as antiplaque and antigingivitis. Fluorides effectively prevent and reverse caries; nystatin and essential oils to treat candidiasis; and pilocarpine rinse to manage xerostomia.
The included studies show that mouthwashes are widely extended in the elderly population, and each sort is specifically designed for treating a particular condition.
老年人中口腔问题的患病率较高。对于这些病理中的一些，治疗选择之一是使用漱口水并结合机械清除技术。此外，每种口腔冲洗液都针对某些口腔疾病进行治疗，应根据具体情况选择。
确定漱口水在老年人中的使用和疗效，作为治疗各种疾病的方法，指出最常用的漱口水类型、用它们治疗的疾病、在每种治疗中的疗效，以及与其他治疗联合使用时的有效性。
本综述按照 PRISMA 2020 声明进行。在五个数据库中进行个体化文献检索。纳入 60 岁以上患者的随机临床试验，其中使用漱口水来治疗或预防特定疾病。PICO 问题旨在评估老年人使用哪种类型的漱口水、他们使用漱口水的目的是什么以及它们的疗效。使用 RoB-2 指南进行研究选择、数据提取和质量分析。
选择了 13 篇文章进行定性分析。进行了文献计量分析。我们有 11 项随机对照临床试验和 2 项非对照试验。最常用的漱口水是洗必泰，其次是精油和氟化物。研究最多的疾病是牙周病、龋齿、念珠菌病、义齿性口炎和口干症。每周使用洗必泰可有效预防和控制菌斑和牙龈炎。氟化物可有效预防和逆转龋齿；制霉菌素和精油可治疗念珠菌病；毛果芸香碱漱口液可用于治疗口干症。
纳入的研究表明，漱口水在老年人中广泛使用，每种漱口水都专门用于治疗特定的情况。
